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Короткий ответ · 9 мин чтения
A signed New Jersey trust governs only the property transferred to its trustee or held by you as trustee (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-18): accounts retitled to the trustee, real property by a deed to the trustee. An instrument executed on or after July 17, 2016 is revocable unless it expressly says otherwise (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-43(a)); while it is revocable the trustee's duties run to you alone (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-44); at your death the three-year contest window and the creditors' nine months run (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-45; N.J.S.A. 3B:22-4).
Последняя сверка с законами Нью-Джерси и обновление: 2026-10-25.
Funding: a trust governs what is titled to it
A trust is created by a transfer of property to another person as trustee during the settlor's lifetime or by will or another disposition taking effect at death, by the owner's written declaration that the owner holds identifiable property as trustee, or by the written exercise of a power of appointment in favor of a trustee (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-18) — but it governs only what is in it. Real property is deeded to the trustee, and a transfer to "the trust" rather than to the trustee is not invalid for that reason (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-19(d)). Accounts are retitled to the trustee or made payable to the trustee at death. A certification of trust lets the trustee show a bank or a title company the trust's existence, the trustee's identity and powers and the name in which title may be taken, without the instrument (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-81). New Jersey has no homestead exemption, so a deed to the trustee changes no homestead; a married individual's right of joint possession of the principal matrimonial residence binds a transferee until released and ends at either spouse's death (N.J.S.A. 3B:28-3).
While you are living: your trust, your control
Unless the terms of the trust expressly provide that it is irrevocable, or clear and convincing evidence proves you intended it to be, you may revoke or amend a trust created under an instrument executed on or after July 17, 2016 (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-43(a)); an older instrument stands on the prior law. While the trust is revocable, the rights of the beneficiaries are subject to your control and the duties of the trustee are owed exclusively to you (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-44); while it is revocable, the trustee may follow your direction even where it is contrary to the terms (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-61(a)). During your lifetime the property of a revocable trust is subject to your creditors' claims (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-39(a)(1)).
Your successor trustee
Name a successor in the instrument: a vacancy that must be filled — the trust has no remaining trustee — is filled first by a person the terms of the trust designate as successor trustee, then by the procedure the terms set, then by a person the qualified beneficiaries appoint by unanimous agreement, then by a person the court appoints (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-49); where a co-trustee remains in office, the remaining co-trustees act for the trust unless the instrument provides otherwise (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-48(b)). The successor accepts by the instrument's method or by conduct (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-46(a)(2)) and, within six months after accepting the trust assets, reviews them under the prudent investor act (N.J.S.A. 3B:20-11.7). Tell the person you name; a designated trustee who does not accept within a reasonable time after knowing of the designation is deemed to have renounced (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-46(b)).
Keeping it current
You revoke or amend by substantially complying with a method the terms provide or, where they provide none or the method is not expressly exclusive, by a later will or codicil that expressly refers to the trust or specifically devises property that would otherwise have passed under it, or by any other written method manifesting clear and convincing evidence of your intent (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-43(c)). Where more than one settlor created or funded the trust, each may revoke or amend as to the portion attributable to that settlor's contribution, and the trustee promptly notifies the other settlors of a revocation or amendment by fewer than all (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-43(b)). On a revocation the trustee delivers the trust property as you direct (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-43(d)); a trustee who does not know of a revocation or amendment is not liable for distributions and other actions taken on the assumption that none occurred (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-43(g)). The rules of construction that apply to wills apply, as appropriate, to the terms of a trust (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-12). Review the beneficiary designations, the deeds and the successor after a marriage, a civil union, a divorce, a birth or a death; a trustee who has exercised reasonable care to learn of such an event is not liable for a loss resulting from not knowing of it (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-76).
If you can no longer manage it
Your successor, or the co-trustee you named, administers under the terms; a vacancy occurs when a guardian is appointed for an individual serving as trustee (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-49(a)). An agent under your power of attorney may revoke or amend the trust only to the extent the terms of the trust and the power expressly authorize it (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-43(e)), and a guardian only with the approval of the court supervising the guardianship (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-43(f)). The settlor's control runs while the trust is revocable (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-44); where you lack capacity, a person who may represent and bind you receives notice and consents on your behalf, except on a consent modification or a revocation (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-13(c)). Your advance directive — a proxy directive naming a health care representative and an instruction directive stating your treatment wishes, signed before two adult witnesses or acknowledged before a notary, attorney or other person authorized to administer oaths (N.J.S.A. 26:2H-56; N.J.S.A. 26:2H-58) — is a separate instrument, as is a durable power of attorney (N.J.S.A. 46:2B-8.2).
What happens at your death
The trust becomes irrevocable. New Jersey sets no notice for the trustee to send; the trustee keeps the qualified beneficiaries reasonably informed, answers a beneficiary's request promptly and furnishes the instrument on request (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-67(a), (b)), and may give a report (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-67(c)). A contest of the trust's validity is commenced within three years after the death, or within four months (a New Jersey resident) or six months (a nonresident) after the trustee sends a person a copy of the instrument and the statute's notice if that is earlier (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-45(a)). After the death, and subject to your right to direct the source from which liabilities are paid, the trust's property answers for your creditors' claims, the costs of administration, the funeral expenses and the claims of a surviving spouse or civil-union partner and children to the extent your probate estate is inadequate (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-39(a)(3)); creditors present their claims to the personal representative within nine months (N.J.S.A. 3B:22-4). Your surviving spouse or partner may elect one-third of the augmented estate, which reaches a transfer under which you retained the income or a power to revoke (N.J.S.A. 3B:8-1; N.J.S.A. 3B:8-3), by complaint within six months after the personal representative's appointment (N.J.S.A. 3B:8-12); whether that reaches the trust is a question for a licensed New Jersey attorney of your choosing. New Jersey imposes no estate tax on a death on or after January 1, 2018 (N.J.S.A. 54:38-1), but the transfer inheritance tax reaches a transfer in trust intended to take effect at death, at a rate that turns on each beneficiary's class (N.J.S.A. 54:34-1; N.J.S.A. 54:34-2).
Where to keep the original
Keep the signed original and every amendment where your successor can find them, and tell your successor where. A certification of trust lets the trustee deal with banks and buyers without the instrument (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-81), and the trust itself is not filed with a court; a trustee settles an account in the Superior Court only at the intervals the court may require (N.J.S.A. 3B:17-3). A will, by contrast, may be registered with the Secretary of State — the testator's name, the will's date and its location, never a copy (N.J.S.A. 3B:3-2.1) — and is offered for probate after the death, not before ten days have passed (N.J.S.A. 3B:3-22).
When a licensed New Jersey attorney is the right next call
Whether an asset is funded, whether a deed or designation does what you intend, how an amendment should be made, what powers your agent should have over the trust, and how the inheritance tax falls on your beneficiaries are questions a licensed New Jersey attorney of your choosing answers from your documents. TrusteeClear organizes the record and explains the statute; it decides none of them.
Частые вопросы
Does signing a New Jersey trust move my house into it?
No. Real property enters the trust by a deed to the trustee — a transfer to "the trust" is not invalid for naming the trust rather than the trustee (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-19(d)). A trust is created by a transfer of property to a trustee or by your written declaration that you hold identifiable property as trustee (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-18).
Can I change my New Jersey trust after signing it?
Yes, unless its terms expressly make it irrevocable (for an instrument executed on or after July 17, 2016): by substantially complying with the method the terms provide or, where they provide none or the method is not expressly exclusive, by a later will or codicil that expressly refers to the trust, or by any other written method manifesting clear and convincing evidence of your intent (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-43(a), (c)).
Does my trustee owe anything to my children while I am alive?
While the trust is revocable, the rights of the beneficiaries are subject to your control and the duties of the trustee are owed exclusively to you (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-44).
What happens to my New Jersey trust when I die?
It becomes irrevocable; the trustee keeps the qualified beneficiaries informed and furnishes the instrument on request (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-67); a contest runs three years from the death, or four or six months from a notice with the instrument, whichever is earlier (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-45(a)); creditors present their claims within nine months (N.J.S.A. 3B:22-4); and the transfer inheritance tax falls by each beneficiary's class (N.J.S.A. 54:34-2).
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