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Per stirpes, for Florida trustees

Sooner or later most trustees face the question: a beneficiary died before the settlor — who takes that share? The trust's own words control; Florida supplies precise meaning for the shorthand they use. Here is the arithmetic of the three systems, side by side.

Montre nan lang ou kòm yon tradiksyon otomatik, ki ap tann revizyon yon moun ki pale lang lan natifnatal. Rezime lwa yo ak orijinal anglè a rete sous referans lan.

The three systems, in one sentence each

Strict per stirpes — Florida’s default (§732.104): the division always begins at the children’s generation, one share per surviving branch; a deceased child’s share splits among that child’s own descendants.

Per capita with representation — divide at the nearest generation with a living member; below that, the branch math is identical.

The 1990 UPC rule (per capita at each generation) — divide at the nearest generation with survivors; the deceased members’ shares pool and split equally among the next generation’s takers, so equally-near relatives take equally.

The same family tree can come out differently under different governing words — which is why the instrument controls, and why antilapse (§736.1106 for trusts; §732.603 for wills) can also preserve a lapsed gift for a predeceased beneficiary’s descendants in defined circumstances.

Try the arithmetic yourself

Model a family shape — who is living, who left children — and see each system’s exact split. Two generations (children and grandchildren); this is the math of each rule, not a suggestion of which to use.

Child 1

Child 2

  • Grandchild 2.1

Child 3

  • Grandchild 3.1
  • Grandchild 3.2
Exact shares under each system for the family modeled above — the systems DIVERGE for this shape
PersonStrict per stirpes (FL default)Per capita w/ representationUPC per capita at each generation
Child 11/3 (33.3%)1/3 (33.3%)1/3 (33.3%)
Grandchild 2.11/3 (33.3%)1/3 (33.3%)2/9 (22.2%)
Grandchild 3.11/6 (16.7%)1/6 (16.7%)2/9 (22.2%)
Grandchild 3.21/6 (16.7%)1/6 (16.7%)2/9 (22.2%)

Arithmetic only — the exact fractions each rule produces for the shape you modeled, with Florida’s default labeled as what §732.104 provides (and §736.1106 echoes for trusts). Not advice, and never a statement of which rule YOUR trust uses — the instrument’s own words decide that, and reading them is licensed-attorney work.

Sant Aprantisaj la se enfòmasyon jeneral sou lwa Florid — se pa konsèy legal, e li pa ranplase konsèy yon avoka Florid ki gen lisans sou reyalite pa ou. TrusteeClear se yon lojisyèl, pa yon kabinè avoka.