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Disputes · 5 хв читання
The non-judicial settlement agreement
G.L. c. 203E, § 111 provides that interested persons — the persons whose consent would be required to achieve a binding settlement were the settlement approved by the court — may enter into a binding non-judicial settlement agreement with respect to any matter involving a trust, valid only to the extent it does not violate a material purpose of the trust and includes terms and conditions the court could properly approve (§ 111(a), (b), (c)). The matters include interpreting the terms of a trust, approving a trustee's report or accounting, directing a trustee to refrain from an act or granting a necessary or desirable power, a trustee's resignation, appointment or compensation, transferring the principal place of administration, and a trustee's liability for an action relating to the trust (§ 111(d)). Any interested person may ask the court to approve the agreement, to determine whether the representation under article 3 was adequate and whether its terms are ones the court could have properly approved (§ 111(e)); to the extent there is no conflict of interest, a trustee may represent and bind the beneficiaries of the trust (§ 303(4)).
The court, and alternative dispute resolution
The court may intervene in the administration of a trust to the extent its jurisdiction is invoked by an interested person or as provided by law, and a judicial proceeding may relate to any matter involving the trust's administration, including a request for instructions and an action to declare rights (G.L. c. 203E, § 201(a), (c)). A proceeding in the Probate and Family Court to appoint or remove a trustee, to approve a resignation, to review and settle a trustee's accounts, or concerning any other matter of administration may be initiated by filing a petition and giving notice to interested parties as § 109 provides, and a decree or judgment is valid only as to those given notice (§ 201(d)). A trustee may resolve a dispute concerning the interpretation of the trust or its administration by mediation, arbitration or another procedure for alternative dispute resolution (§ 816(23)). The Probate and Family Court's equity jurisdiction over trusts created by will or other written instrument is concurrent with the Supreme Judicial Court's and the Superior Court's (G.L. c. 215, § 6).
Consent, removal and the remedies for breach
A trustee is not liable to a beneficiary for a breach of trust if the beneficiary, while having capacity, in writing, consented to the conduct constituting the breach, released the trustee from liability for it or ratified the transaction, unless the consent, release or ratification was induced by the trustee's improper conduct or the beneficiary did not then know the material facts relating to the breach (G.L. c. 203E, § 1009). The settlor, a co-trustee or a beneficiary may ask the court to remove a trustee, and the court may act on its own initiative (§ 706(a)). A violation by a trustee of a duty owed to a beneficiary is a breach of trust, and to remedy one the court may compel performance, enjoin, compel redress, order an account, appoint a special fiduciary, suspend or remove the trustee, reduce or deny compensation, void an act, impose a lien or constructive trust, trace trust property, or order other appropriate relief (§ 1001); the limitation periods of § 1005 apply.
Закони, дослівно
Remedies for breach of trust
G.L. c. 203E, § 1001 ↗Зрозуміле просте пояснення; дослівний текст статуту ще не засвідчено в нашій бібліотеці. Дивіться офіційний статут за посиланням вище.
Non-judicial settlement agreements
G.L. c. 203E, § 111 ↗Зрозуміле просте пояснення; дослівний текст статуту ще не засвідчено в нашій бібліотеці. Дивіться офіційний статут за посиланням вище.
Role of court in administration of trust
G.L. c. 203E, § 201 ↗Зрозуміле просте пояснення; дослівний текст статуту ще не засвідчено в нашій бібліотеці. Дивіться офіційний статут за посиланням вище.
Removal of trustee
G.L. c. 203E, § 706 ↗Зрозуміле просте пояснення; дослівний текст статуту ще не засвідчено в нашій бібліотеці. Дивіться офіційний статут за посиланням вище.
Поширені запитання
Can Massachusetts beneficiaries settle a trust dispute without court?
Yes. Interested persons may enter into a binding non-judicial settlement agreement with respect to any matter involving a trust, within the limits of G.L. c. 203E, § 111(c); any interested person may ask the court to approve it (§ 111(e)).
Which Massachusetts court hears a trust dispute?
The Probate and Family Court: a proceeding under the trust code to appoint or remove a trustee, approve a resignation, review and settle accounts or concerning any other matter of administration may be initiated there by petition with notice to interested parties (G.L. c. 203E, § 201(d)), and its equity jurisdiction over trusts created by will or other written instrument is concurrent with the Supreme Judicial Court's and the Superior Court's (G.L. c. 215, § 6).
Can a Massachusetts trustee be removed?
The settlor, a co-trustee or a beneficiary may ask the court to remove a trustee, or the court may act on its own initiative, for a serious breach of trust; a lack of cooperation among co-trustees that substantially impairs the administration; unfitness, unwillingness or persistent failure to administer the trust effectively, where removal best serves the interests of the beneficiaries; or a substantial change of circumstances or a request by all the qualified beneficiaries, with the findings the statute requires (G.L. c. 203E, § 706).
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