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free plain-language guides to Florida trustee law, organized by question and anchored to the statutes.

chapter 736 in one sentence per section — what it provides, the official text, and the guide that explains it — from definitions and representation through the office of trustee, duties and powers, remedies and the certification of trust.

settlor, trustee, qualified beneficiary, revocable and irrevocable, pour-over will, certification of trust, notice of trust, accounting, limitation notice, spendthrift, per stirpes, homestead, personal representative, probate, reserve and more — each in the statute's sense and cited to it.

Accepting the role, the good-faith standard, and where the duties come from.

What §736.0813 asks a trustee to share with qualified beneficiaries, and when.

The §736.05055 filing: what it contains, where it goes, and what it is for.

§736.0804's prudent-person standard, protecting property, and the prudent-investor frame.

Florida's per stirpes default, how trust language controls, and worked examples.

“Reasonable under the circumstances,” reimbursement, and the factors that inform it.

Majority action, dissent on the record, vacancies, and shared responsibility.

What may be delegated, the selection-instruction-monitoring frame, and what stays.

The §736.0810 recordkeeping duty, the §736.08135 accounting, and why the trail matters.

Impartiality under §736.0803, and the statutory paths when positions harden.

Ending by the trust's terms, §736.0414 small trusts, and the wind-down sequence.

Eight ordinary mistakes, each tied to the duty in the Florida Trust Code it breaches.

The EIN, the account, the certification of trust, and what the bank will ask for.

Expeditiously, after the reserve — and the creditor, tax and accounting clocks that set the pace.

Who administers what after a Florida death, and how the two roles hand things to each other.

Allowed, common, and the situation in which documentation matters most.

The notice, who fills the vacancy, the final accounting, and the duties that continue until the hand-off.

The one-page proof of authority that keeps the trust's terms out of the bank's file.

The beneficiary's side of the Florida Trust Code: what the trustee must tell you and show you, and what to do when it does not arrive.

Trust directors, powers of direction and the directed trustee's duty — every section of Part XIV, verbatim.

the core duties of a Florida successor trustee — notice, accounting, loyalty, impartiality, recordkeeping — with statute citations.

what it means to be named successor trustee and how administration begins.

a plain-language first-steps guide.

a grief-aware path for the recently bereaved trustee.

the §736.05055 Notice of Trust filing after a settlor's death.

the §736.0813 duty to notify qualified beneficiaries and the 60-day windows.

what a §736.08135 trust accounting must contain and when it is due.

the closing sequence — final accounting, reserve, distribution, receipts and releases.

the presumed reasonable attorney fee for trust administration and the required written disclosures.

how a trustee's own reasonable compensation works.

a trustee's powers and their limits under the Florida Trust Code.

Property Code chapters 111 to 117 in one sentence per section — what it provides, the official text, and the guide that explains it.

settlor, trustee, beneficiary, certification of trust, accounting on demand, community property, per capita with representation, independent administration, homestead and more — each in the statute's sense and cited to it.

what the term means, how acceptance works under Prop. Code §112.009, the two beginnings, the Trust Code's duties, and the first steps before acting.

no statutory notice and no court filing — the documents, the review of the assets (§117.006), the duty to inform (§111.0035(c)), the 90-day accounting demand (§113.151), the related estate's clocks and the tax calendar.

read and decide (§112.009), the documents, assets by title and marital character, the beneficiaries and what they are owed, the estate's clocks, the printable checklist, what to avoid.

who may demand a statement of accounts, the 90th-day delivery, the once-in-12-months measure, the contents §113.152 lists, releases (§§114.005, 114.032) and the four-year limitations period.

the Code's general grant, agents and discretion, what the instrument can change, the prudent investor rule, discretionary distributions in good faith (§113.029), certifications (§114.086) and the ways trustees exceed their powers.

the core Texas trustee duties after a death — the general duty, the prudent investor rule, the duty to inform, the accounting on demand — with the statute cards and the deadline table.

the trust terms first, otherwise reasonable compensation under Prop. Code §114.061 (a court may deny it for a breach), reimbursement under §114.063, and why paying yourself needs care.

confirm the termination, bring the records current (§§113.151–113.152), hold a reasonable reserve and wind up within a reasonable time (§112.052), paper the closing (§§114.005, 114.032), keep the file.

Accepting the role, the good-faith standard, and where the duties come from.

The common-law duty to keep beneficiaries informed, the accounting on demand, and what it must show.

Good faith under §113.051, the prudent investor rule of chapter 117, and what each asks.

The instrument's words first, Texas's representation default, and how a trustee carries out the division.

The instrument first, reasonable compensation under §114.061, expenses under §114.063, and the court's power.

Majority decision, the duty to participate, dissent in writing, and the duty to prevent a serious breach.

Attorneys and agents under §113.018, investment delegation under §117.011, and what cannot be handed off.

The ledger, principal and income apart, receipts for every distribution, and the releases that close a share.

Impartiality, the accounting as the shared record, written agreements under §114.032, and when a court decides.

Termination by the terms, the reasonable winding-up period, the uneconomic trust, the final accounting and releases.

free plain-language guides to Texas trustee law, organized by question and anchored to the statutes.

Probate Code Division 9 in one sentence per section — what it provides, the official text, and the guide that explains it.

settlor, heir, notification by trustee, contest period, account, certification of trust, community property, per capita with representation, the change in ownership statement and more — each in the statute's sense and cited to it.

what the term means, how acceptance and rejection work under Prob. Code §§15600–15601, the two beginnings (incapacity under §15800(b), death and the 60-day notification of §16061.7), the Trust Law's duties, and the first steps before acting.

the notification by trustee within 60 days (Prob. Code §16061.7) and its contest warning, each recipient's contest period (§16061.8), the Medi-Cal notice within 90 days (§19202), the change in ownership statement within 150 days (Rev. & Tax. Code §480(b)), the estate beside the trust and the record to keep.

accept or reject (§§15600–15601), the documents, assets by title and marital character, the beneficiaries and heirs and what they are owed, the 60-day notification, the estate's clocks, the printable checklist, what to avoid.

who receives an account and when (§16062), the six contents §16063 lists, waivers and their limits (§16064), the 60-day petition route (§17200(b)(7)), the three-year limitation (§16460) and the instrument objection procedure (§16461).

where a trustee's powers come from (§16200), the specific powers by example, §16202's rule that every power is subject to the fiduciary duties, discretion (§§16080–16081), decanting and proposed action, directed trusts and third persons (§§18100, 18100.5).

the Trust Law's duties (Prob. Code §16000 and following) with the statute text: loyalty, impartiality, prudence, control and separation of property, the duty to inform, the 60-day notification and the annual account.

the instrument's terms first (§15680), reasonable compensation where it is silent (§15681), no schedule for a private trustee, an attorney-trustee's choice (§15687), and why paying yourself is documented with care.

the final account (§16062), the reserve §16004.5(b) preserves, disposition at termination (§15410), the $100,000 termination power (§15408(b)), voluntary releases and the three-year limitation (§16460).

Accepting or rejecting, the duty to administer, and the 60-day notification.

The notification, the terms on request, information, and the annual account.

The prudent person, the prudent investor, and the review after acceptance.

§240, §246, and the instrument's own words.

The instrument first, reasonable compensation otherwise, and how it shows.

Unanimity, absences and vacancies, and each co-trustee's liability.

What may be delegated, how, and when the trustee answers for an agent.

Separate property, the account's contents, and the three-year clock.

Impartiality, information, proposed action, and the court's route.

The routes to termination, the reserve, the final account, and releases.

free plain-language guides to California trustee law, organized by question and anchored to the statutes.

the trust sections of the Estates, Powers and Trusts Law and the Surrogate's Court Procedure Act in one sentence per section — what it provides, the official text, and the guide that explains it.

creator, person interested, commissions, annual statements, the Surrogate's Court, by representation, per stirpes, the right of election, the estate tax and more — each in the statute's sense and cited to it.

what the term means, how a named successor takes office and succeeds to the original trustee's powers (EPTL 11-1.1(b)(12)), the court's appointment only where no named successor can act (SCPA 1502), the two beginnings, the duties under the Prudent Investor Act (EPTL 11-2.3), co-trustees (EPTL 10-10.7), resignation and removal (EPTL 7-2.6; SCPA 711, 715), and the statutory commissions (SCPA 2309).

no statutory notice to beneficiaries; securing and managing the property (EPTL 11-1.1(b)(5)); the initial-assets decision (EPTL 11-2.3(b)(3)(D)); information on written request (SCPA 2102(1)) and the annual statements (SCPA 2309(4)); the estate's claims (SCPA 1802), a spouse's election (EPTL 5-1.1-A) and the estate tax return within nine months (Tax Law §972).

read and decide (EPTL 11-1.1(b)(12)), the documents, assets by how they are titled (EPTL 7-1.18), the beneficiaries without a statutory notice (SCPA 2102(1), 2309(4)), the estate's clocks and the reserve (SCPA 1802; EPTL 5-1.1-A; Tax Law §972), and the record.

no annual account for every trustee; the annual statements that condition annual commissions (SCPA 2309(4)); principal and income (EPTL 11-A-1.3); informal settlement by a signed instrument (SCPA 315(8)); judicial settlement (SCPA 2208) and compulsion (SCPA 2205).

where a trustee's powers come from (the instrument, EPTL 11-1.1(b), the court under 11-1.1(c)), the powers by example, the Prudent Investor Act (EPTL 11-2.3), acts in contravention void (EPTL 7-2.4), the trustee-beneficiary limit (EPTL 10-10.1), appointment in further trust (EPTL 10-6.6), and co-trustees (EPTL 10-10.7).

the duties with the statute text: the Prudent Investor Act (EPTL 11-2.3), separate property (EPTL 11-1.6), impartiality in principal and income (EPTL 11-A-1.3), the annual statements (SCPA 2309(4)), information on request (SCPA 2102(1)), and the dates in one table.

1% of principal paid out and annual commissions by tier (SCPA 2309), one-third from income and two-thirds from principal, the annual statements that condition them (SCPA 2309(4)), an attorney-trustee's legal services and the rent commission (SCPA 2309(1), (7)), and why paying yourself is documented.

the final account settled informally (SCPA 315(8)) or in court (SCPA 2208), the reserve for the creator's creditors and the estate tax (EPTL 7-3.1; Tax Law §974), distribution in cash or in kind (EPTL 11-1.1(b)(20)), and the uneconomical trust (EPTL 7-1.19).

Taking office, the duties from day one, and the estate beside the trust.

Information on request, the annual statements, and settling an account.

The Prudent Investor Act, the initial assets, and the care no clause can waive.

By representation and per stirpes, discretion, and distributing in kind.

The paying-out commission, annual commissions, and the annual statements.

Joint and majority action, the written dissent, and the surviving trustee.

Delegating with care, paying advisers, and the court's review.

Separate property, two columns, and the statements built from them.

Impartiality, the routes to court, and the record that answers them.

By the terms, by consent, by the court — and the closing sequence.

free plain-language guides to New York trustee law, organized by question and anchored to the statutes.

the sections of the Colorado Uniform Trust Code (C.R.S. Title 15, Article 5), with the prudent-investor, directed-trust and decanting sections, in plain language — what each provides and the official text.

qualified beneficiary, the acceptance and irrevocability notices, the trustee's report, registration, the certification of trust, per capita at each generation, by representation, the elective share and more — each in the statute's sense and cited to it.

what the term means, how a successor accepts (C.R.S. §15-5-701), the two 60-day notices to the qualified beneficiaries and what qualifies them (§15-5-813(2), (5); §15-5-105(2)(h)), the duties (§§15-5-801 to 15-5-813), cotrustees (§15-5-703), resignation and removal (§§15-5-705, 15-5-706), reasonable compensation (§15-5-708) and the certification of trust (§15-5-1013).

the irrevocability and acceptance notices within 60 days (C.R.S. §15-5-813(2)), control and the asset review (§§15-5-809, 15-1.1-104), the trust's exposure to the estate's claims (§15-15-103) and the creditors' periods (§§15-12-801, 15-12-803), a spouse's elective share (§§15-11-202, 15-11-211), the taxes and the reports (§15-5-813(3)).

read and decide (C.R.S. §15-5-701), the documents, assets by how they are titled (§15-15-402), the qualified beneficiaries and the two notices (§15-5-813), the estate's clocks and the reserve (§§15-15-103, 15-11-211), and the record (§15-5-810).

the report's contents and recipients (C.R.S. §15-5-813(3)), waiver (§15-5-813(4)), the vacancy report, the record behind it (§15-5-810), the one-year period after an adequate report (§15-5-1005), the distribution proposal (§15-5-817) and a court-ordered accounting (§15-5-1001).

the general powers (C.R.S. §15-5-815), the specific powers (§15-5-816), discretion and its limits (§15-5-814), delegation and cotrustees (§§15-5-807, 15-5-703), directed trusts (§§15-16-806, 15-16-809), decanting (§15-16-907) and the certification of trust (§15-5-1013).

the duties with the statute text: good faith (C.R.S. §15-5-801), loyalty (§15-5-802), impartiality (§15-5-803), prudence (§15-5-804), control and records (§§15-5-809, 15-5-810), and the duty to inform and report — the two 60-day notices and the annual report (§15-5-813).

reasonable compensation where the terms are silent (C.R.S. §15-5-708), the factors a court weighs (§15-10-603), no fee schedule, the advance notice of a change (§15-5-813(2)(d)), reimbursement (§15-5-709) and the report that shows it (§15-5-813(3)).

termination (C.R.S. §15-5-410), the final report (§15-5-813(3)), the proposal for distribution and its 30-day objection period (§15-5-817), the reasonable reserve, and the periods that can follow (§15-5-1005).

Accepting the office, the duties from day one, the two notices, and the estate beside the trust.

The general duty, the two notices, requests for the trust's terms, and the annual report.

Prudence, the review at the start, impartiality, loyalty, and the limits on discretion.

Discretion, the three statutory divisions, and the periods that bear on timing.

The trust's terms, reasonable compensation and its factors, notice of a change, and the report.

Majority decisions, participation, dissent, a vacancy, and a directed trust.

What may be delegated, the care it takes, paying for help, and trust directors.

Adequate records, separate property, the report they feed, and the one-year period.

Information, agreements, the court, removal, remedies and the time limits.

When a trust ends, the final report, the proposal, the reserve, and what follows.

free plain-language guides to Colorado trustee law, organized by question and anchored to the statutes.

the sections of the Pennsylvania Uniform Trust Act (20 Pa.C.S. Chapter 77), with the Directed Trust Act (Subchapter H.1) and the unitrust conversion, in plain language — what each provides and the section's own official page.

current beneficiary, qualified beneficiary, the notice after the settlor's death, the change-of-trustee notice, financial reports, the trustee's advertisement, the certification of trust, the family exemption, per capita with representation, the elective share and more — each in the statute's sense and cited to it.

what the term means, how a successor accepts (20 Pa.C.S. §7761), the successor's protection from a predecessor's acts (§7770), the notice within 30 days after learning of the death and who the current beneficiaries are (§§7780.3, 7703), the duties (§§7771–7780.4), cotrustees (§7763), resignation and removal (§§7765, 7766), reasonable compensation (§7768) and the certification of trust (§7790.3).

the notice within 30 days after the trustee learns of the death (20 Pa.C.S. §7780.3(c)), control of the property (§7779), the estate's creditors and the trustee's advertisement after 90 days (§§7755, 3162), a spouse's election and the family exemption (§§2203, 2210, 3121), the inheritance tax (72 P.S. §§9116, 9142), and the reports and time limits (§§7780.3(i)(5), 7785).

read and decide (20 Pa.C.S. §7761), the documents, assets by how they are titled, the current beneficiaries and the 30-day notice (§§7703, 7780.3), the estate's clocks and the reserve (§§7755, 2210), and the record (§7780).

the financial reports a current beneficiary may request (20 Pa.C.S. §7780.3(i)(5)), the record behind them (§7780), the 30-month and five-year periods (§7785), the account settled without the court and its 60-day objection period (§7785.1), and an account filed with the orphans' court division (§7797).

the general powers (20 Pa.C.S. §7780.5), the illustrative powers (§7780.6), discretion and its limits (§7780.4), delegation and cotrustees (§§7777, 7763), the Directed Trust Act (§§7780.15, 7780.20), the ways a trust is changed with no decanting statute (§§7740.1, 7740.2, 7710.1), and the certification of trust (§7790.3).

the duties with the statute text: good faith (20 Pa.C.S. §7771), loyalty (§7772), impartiality (§7773), prudence (§7774), control and records (§§7779, 7780), and the duty to inform and report — the notices counted from what the trustee learns and the financial reports (§7780.3).

reasonable compensation where neither the terms nor a written agreement sets it (20 Pa.C.S. §7768), payment from principal, the court's power to allow more or less, no fee schedule, reimbursement (§7769) and the remedies for a breach (§7781).

termination (20 Pa.C.S. §7740), distribution within a reasonable time with a reasonable reserve (§7780.7), the account settled without the court and its 60-day objection period (§7785.1), an account filed with the orphans' court division (§7797), and the five-year bar that follows (§7785(b)).

Accepting the office, the duties from day one, the 30-day notice, and the estate beside the trust.

Requests, the 30-day notices, the change-of-trustee notice, financial reports and the 30-month rule.

Reasonable care, the prudent investor rule, control of the property, loyalty and discretion.

Per capita with representation, the trust's own words, the reserve, and the timing protections.

Reasonable compensation, the trust's terms, payment from principal, and reimbursement.

Majority decisions, deadlock, vacancies, signing authority and directed trusts.

What may be delegated, the care expected, reimbursement, and trust directors.

Adequate records, separate property, financial reports and the 30-month rule.

Settlement agreements, mediation, the court's remedies, removal and the time limits.

Termination, the reserve, the account settled without the court, and the time limits after.

free plain-language guides to Pennsylvania trustee law, organized by question and anchored to the statutes.

the sections of the Michigan Trust Code (Article VII of the Estates and Protected Individuals Code), part by part, with the fiduciary duties and the prudent investor rule of Article I, in plain language — what each provides and the section's own official page.

qualified trust beneficiary, the acceptance and irrevocability notices, the trustee's report and its waiver, the certificate of trust, the undisclosed trust, separate trustees and trust directors, the homestead allowance, per capita at each generation, the spouse's election, uncapping and more — each in the statute's sense and cited to it.

what the term means and how a vacancy is filled (MCL 700.7704), how a successor accepts (MCL 700.7701), the successor's protection from a settlor-trustee's acts (MCL 700.7603), the two 63-day notices to the qualified trust beneficiaries (MCL 700.7814(2)), the duties (MCL 700.7801–700.7814), cotrustees, separate trustees and trust directors (MCL 700.7703, 700.7703a, 700.7703b), resignation and removal (MCL 700.7705, 700.7706) and reasonable compensation (MCL 700.7708).

the 63-day notices (MCL 700.7814(2)(b), (c)), control of the property (MCL 700.7810), the estate's creditors and the trustee's own notice to creditors where no personal representative has letters (MCL 700.7605–700.7611), the family's allowances (MCL 700.2402–700.2404), the property tax on a transfer of real property (MCL 211.27a), the contest window (MCL 700.7604) and the reports (MCL 700.7814(3), 700.7905).

read and decide (MCL 700.7701), the two beginnings and their 63-day notices (MCL 700.7814(2)), the documents, assets by how they are titled, the qualified trust beneficiaries (MCL 700.7103(g)), the estate, the creditors and the reserve (MCL 700.7605–700.7610, 700.7821), and the record (MCL 700.7811).

the report at least annually, at termination and on a vacancy (MCL 700.7814(3)), its waiver (MCL 700.7814(5)), the record behind it (MCL 700.7811), the one-year and five-year periods (MCL 700.7905), the distribution proposal and its 28 days (MCL 700.7821), and the court (MCL 700.7201, 700.1302).

the general powers (MCL 700.7816), the specific powers (MCL 700.7817), discretion and its limits (MCL 700.7815), delegation and cotrustees (MCL 700.1510, 700.7703), separate trustees and directed trusts (MCL 700.7703a, 700.7703b), the distribution to a second trust (MCL 700.7820a), and the certificate of trust (MCL 700.7913).

the duties with the statute text: good faith (MCL 700.7801), loyalty (MCL 700.7802), prudence and impartiality (MCL 700.7803), control and records (MCL 700.7810, 700.7811), and the duty to inform and report — the 63-day notices and the report (MCL 700.7814).

reasonable compensation where the terms do not set it (MCL 700.7708), the court's power to allow more or less, the advance notice of a change in the method or rate (MCL 700.7814(2)(d)), the compensation in the report (MCL 700.7814(3)), reimbursement (MCL 700.7709) and the remedies for a breach (MCL 700.7901).

termination (MCL 700.7410), the uneconomic trust after 63 days' notice (MCL 700.7414), distribution with a reasonable reserve and the proposal's 28-day objection period (MCL 700.7821), the report at termination (MCL 700.7814(3)), and the limitation periods that follow (MCL 700.7905).

Accepting the office, the duties from day one, the two 63-day notices, and the estate beside the trust.

Who is kept informed, the 63-day notices, information on request, the annual report and when it may be waived.

The Michigan prudent investor rule, impartiality, loyalty and its presumptions, and how discretion is bounded.

What Michigan's statutes say the distribution words mean, and the periods a trustee reads before distributing.

Reasonable compensation, the court's adjustment, the advance notice of a change, reimbursement and the report.

Majority decisions, participation, delegation with notice, written dissent, and separate trusteeships.

Delegating investment and management, employing professionals, and working under a trust director.

Adequate records, separation, the trust's name on the accounts, and the report that rests on them.

Settling by agreement, going to the probate court, removal, remedies and the time limits.

When a trust ends, the small-trust termination, distribution and the reserve, the proposal and the final report.

free plain-language guides to Michigan trustee law, organized by question and anchored to the statutes.

the sections of the Illinois Trust Code (760 ILCS 3), article by article, with the Illinois Prudent Investor Law of Article 9 and the Trust Decanting Law of Article 12, in plain language — what each provides and the section's own official page.

qualified beneficiary, current and presumptive remainder beneficiary, the existence and acceptance notices, the trust accounting and its waiver, the certification of trust, the designated representative, directing parties, the spouse's award and renunciation, the estate of homestead, per stirpes, the small estate affidavit, the transfer on death instrument and more — each in the statute's sense and cited to it.

what the term means and how a vacancy is filled (760 ILCS 3/704), how a successor accepts and the 120-day declination (760 ILCS 3/701), the successor's protection from a predecessor's acts (760 ILCS 3/812), the two 90-day notices to the qualified beneficiaries (760 ILCS 3/813.1), the duties (760 ILCS 3/801–760 ILCS 3/817), co-trustees and directing parties (760 ILCS 3/703, 760 ILCS 3/808), resignation and removal (760 ILCS 3/705, 760 ILCS 3/706) and reasonable compensation (760 ILCS 3/708).

the 90-day notices (760 ILCS 3/813.1(b)(1), (d)(1)(A)), control of the property (760 ILCS 3/809), the estate's creditors, the two-year bar and the trust's liability (755 ILCS 5/18-3, 755 ILCS 5/18-12, 760 ILCS 3/505), the spouse's and child's awards (755 ILCS 5/15-1, 755 ILCS 5/15-2), the estate of homestead (735 ILCS 5/12-901), the contest window and the nine-month rules (760 ILCS 3/604), the Illinois estate tax (35 ILCS 405/2) and the accountings (760 ILCS 3/813.1(b)(2), 760 ILCS 3/1005).

read and decide (760 ILCS 3/701), the two beginnings and their 90-day notices (760 ILCS 3/813.1), the documents, assets by how they are titled (760 ILCS 3/115), the qualified beneficiaries (760 ILCS 3/103), the estate, the creditors and the reserve (755 ILCS 5/18-12, 760 ILCS 3/505, 760 ILCS 3/817), and the record (760 ILCS 3/810).

the trust accounting at least annually, at termination and on a vacancy (760 ILCS 3/813.1(b)(2)–(4), (c)), its contents (760 ILCS 3/103), its waiver (760 ILCS 3/813.1(g)), the record behind it (760 ILCS 3/810), the two-year, three-year and five-year periods (760 ILCS 3/1005), the written approval and the reserve at termination (760 ILCS 3/817), the older rules (760 ILCS 3/813.2) and the court (760 ILCS 3/201, 760 ILCS 3/813.1(i)).

the general powers (760 ILCS 3/815), the specific powers (760 ILCS 3/816), discretion and its limits (760 ILCS 3/814), delegation and co-trustees (760 ILCS 3/807, 760 ILCS 3/703), directed trusts (760 ILCS 3/808), decanting (760 ILCS 3/1207), and the certification of trust (760 ILCS 3/1013).

the duties with the statute text: good faith (760 ILCS 3/801), loyalty (760 ILCS 3/802), impartiality and prudence (760 ILCS 3/803, 760 ILCS 3/804), control and records (760 ILCS 3/809, 760 ILCS 3/810), and the duty to inform and account — the 90-day notices and the trust accounting (760 ILCS 3/813.1).

reasonable compensation where the instrument does not set it (760 ILCS 3/708), the court's power to raise or lower a specified amount, the advance notice of a change in the rate or method (760 ILCS 3/813.1(d)(1)(B)), the compensation in the accounting (760 ILCS 3/103), reimbursement (760 ILCS 3/709) and the remedies for a breach (760 ILCS 3/1001).

termination (760 ILCS 3/410), the uneconomic trust under $100,000 after notice (760 ILCS 3/414), distribution with a written approval, a refunding agreement and a reasonable reserve (760 ILCS 3/817), the accounting at termination (760 ILCS 3/813.1(b)(4)), the unclaimed-property search and the seven-year record (760 ILCS 3/810), and the limitation periods that follow (760 ILCS 3/1005).

Accepting the office, the duties from day one, the two 90-day notices, and the estate beside the trust.

Who is kept informed, the 90-day notices, the instrument on request, the annual trust accounting and when it may be waived.

The Illinois Prudent Investor Law, prudent administration, impartiality, loyalty and its presumptions, and how discretion is bounded.

What Illinois's statutes say per stirpes means, the lapse rule for trust gifts, and the periods a trustee reads before distributing.

Reasonable compensation, the court's adjustment, the advance notice of a change, reimbursement and the accounting.

Majority decisions after written notice, participation, delegation to a co-trustee, dissent, the vacancy and the certification.

Delegating with care, the inquiry before an investment delegation, engaging professionals, and working under a directing party.

Adequate records, separation, the trust's name on the accounts, seven years after termination, and the accounting that rests on them.

Settling by agreement, going to the circuit court, removal, remedies, fees and the time limits.

When a trust ends, the small-trust termination, distribution and the reserve, the final accounting, the unclaimed-property search and the seven-year record.

free plain-language guides to Illinois trustee law, organized by question and anchored to the statutes.

the sections of the Arizona Trust Code (A.R.S. Title 14, chapter 11), article by article — general provisions, judicial proceedings, representation, creation and modification, creditors' claims, revocable trusts, the office of trustee, duties and powers, the prudent investor rule, liability and total return trusts — in plain language: what each provides and the section's own official page.

qualified beneficiary, distributee, the existence and acceptance notices, the trustee's report and its waiver, the certification of trust, powers to direct and the trust protector, spendthrift and special needs trusts, the contest period, the optional creditor notice, community property, by representation, the homestead exemption and allowance, the small estate affidavits and the rest — each cited to the Arizona Revised Statutes.

what the term means and how a vacancy is filled (A.R.S. § 14-10704), how a successor accepts and the deemed rejection (§ 14-10701), the successor's duty to collect from a predecessor (§ 14-10812), the two sixty-day notices to the qualified beneficiaries (§ 14-10813(B)), the duties (§ 14-10801 to § 14-10813), cotrustees, powers to direct and trust protectors (§ 14-10703, § 14-10808, § 14-10818), resignation and removal (§ 14-10705, § 14-10706), compensation (§ 14-10708) and the limitation periods (§ 14-11005).

the sixty-day notices (A.R.S. § 14-10813(B)(2), (3)), control of the property (§ 14-10809, § 14-10810), the optional creditor notice and the two-year nonprobate-transferee period (§ 14-6103, § 14-3801, § 14-6102), the trust's liability for the estate's claims (§ 14-10505), the homestead allowance and community property (§ 14-2402, § 14-2102), the house (§ 33-404, § 33-405, § 14-3971), the contest period and distribution after the death (§ 14-10604) and the report (§ 14-10813(C)).

read and decide (A.R.S. § 14-10701), the two beginnings and their sixty-day notices (§ 14-10813(B)), the documents, assets by how they are titled and whether community or separate (§ 33-404, § 25-211), the qualified beneficiaries (§ 14-10103(14)), the optional creditor notice, the trust's liability and the reserve (§ 14-6103, § 14-10505, § 14-10817), and the record from day one (§ 14-10810).

the trustee's report at least annually, at termination and on a vacancy (A.R.S. § 14-10813(C)), its waiver (§ 14-10813(D)), the record behind it (§ 14-10810, § 14-7401), the one-year and two-year periods (§ 14-11005), the proposal for distribution and the reserve (§ 14-10817) and the court's role (§ 14-10201, § 14-11001).

the general powers (A.R.S. § 14-10815), the specific powers (§ 14-10816), discretion and its limits (§ 14-10814), delegation and cotrustees (§ 14-10807, § 14-10907, § 14-10703), powers to direct and trust protectors (§ 14-10808, § 14-10818), appointing to another trust (§ 14-10819) and the certification of trust (§ 14-11013, § 14-11012).

the duties with the statute text: good faith (A.R.S. § 14-10801), loyalty (§ 14-10802), impartiality and prudence (§ 14-10803, § 14-10804), control and records (§ 14-10809, § 14-10810), and the duty to inform and report — the sixty-day notices and the trustee's report (§ 14-10813).

reasonable compensation where the terms do not set it (A.R.S. § 14-10708), the court's power to allow more or less than a specified amount, the thirty days' advance notice of a change in the method or rate (§ 14-10813(B)(4)), the compensation in the report (§ 14-10813(C)), reimbursement (§ 14-10709) and the court's power to reduce or deny compensation for a breach (§ 14-11001).

termination (A.R.S. § 14-10410), the uneconomic trust under $100,000 after notice (§ 14-10414), the proposal for distribution with its thirty-day objection, the reasonable reserve and the release rule (§ 14-10817), the report at termination (§ 14-10813(C)) and the two-year limitation from the trust's end (§ 14-11005(C)).

Accepting the office, the duties from day one, the two sixty-day notices, and the estate beside the trust.

Who is kept informed, the two sixty-day notices, the annual report and its waiver, and the one-year period.

The prudent investor rule, impartiality, loyalty and its presumptions, and the limits on discretion.

The words in Arizona's statutes, discretionary distributions, distributing after a death, and the thirty-day proposal.

The standard, the thirty days' advance notice, reimbursement, and what happens when compensation is questioned.

Majority action, participation, delegation between cotrustees, dissent, the vacancy and the certification of trust.

Delegating with care, engaging professionals, investment agents, and powers to direct.

What the statute provides, the report that rests on the record, and practical habits.

Settling by agreement, the instrument's dispute procedure, the superior court, remedies, fees and the time limits.

When an Arizona trust ends, the proposal for distribution, the reserve, the release rule and the final report.

free plain-language guides to Arizona trustee law, organized by question and anchored to the statutes.

the sections of the Utah Uniform Trust Code (Utah Code Title 75B, Chapter 2), part by part — general provisions, jurisdiction and venue, representation, creation and modification, spendthrift and discretionary trusts and the trustee's creditor procedure, revocable trusts, the office of trustee, duties and powers, the prudent investor rule, liability and the applicability provisions — in plain language: what each provides and the section's own official page.

qualified beneficiary, the existence and acceptance notices, the trustee's report and its waiver, the certification of trust, the directed trust and the trust director, spendthrift and discretionary trusts, the asset protection trust, the contest period, the trustee's creditor notice and the one-year bar, per capita at each generation, the homestead exemption and allowance, the small estate affidavit and the rest — each cited to the Utah Code.

what the term means and how a vacancy is filled (Utah Code § 75B-2-704, § 75B-1-103), how a successor accepts and the deemed rejection (§ 75B-2-701), the successor's duty to collect from a predecessor (§ 75B-2-810), the two 60-day notices to the qualified beneficiaries (§ 75B-2-811(2)), the duties (§ 75B-2-801 to § 75B-2-811), cotrustees and the directed trust (§ 75B-2-703, § 75B-3-109, § 75B-3-111), resignation and removal (§ 75B-2-705, § 75B-2-706), compensation (§ 75B-2-708) and the limitation periods (§ 75B-2-1005).

the 60-day notices (Utah Code § 75B-2-811(2)(b), (c)), control of the property (§ 75B-2-807, § 75B-2-810), the trustee's own notice to creditors, the known-creditor and Medicaid notices and the one-year bar (§ 75B-2-508, § 75B-2-509, § 26B-3-1013), the trust's liability for the estate's claims and allowances (§ 75B-2-505(3), § 75-2-402), the house (§ 75B-2-816, § 78B-5-503), the contest period and distribution after the death (§ 75B-2-604) and the report (§ 75B-2-811(3)).

read and decide (Utah Code § 75B-2-701), the two beginnings and their 60-day notices (§ 75B-2-811(2)), the documents, assets by how they are titled (§ 75B-2-816), the qualified beneficiaries (§ 75B-2-103(8)), the trustee's creditor notice, the trust's liability and the reserve (§ 75B-2-508, § 75B-2-505, § 75B-2-815), and the record from day one (§ 75B-2-808).

the trustee's report at least annually, at termination and on a vacancy, to the qualified beneficiaries who request it (Utah Code § 75B-2-811(3)), its waiver (§ 75B-2-811(4)), the record behind it (§ 75B-2-808), the six-month and one-year periods (§ 75B-2-1005), the proposal for distribution and the reserve (§ 75B-2-815) and the court's role (§ 75B-2-201, § 75B-2-1001).

the general powers (Utah Code § 75B-2-813), the specific powers (§ 75B-2-814), discretion and its limits (§ 75B-2-812), delegation and cotrustees (§ 75B-2-814(2), § 75B-2-703), the directed trust (§ 75B-3-106, § 75B-3-109), decanting (§ 75B-2-812.5) and the certification of trust (§ 75B-2-1013, § 75B-2-1012).

the duties with the statute text: good faith (Utah Code § 75B-2-801), loyalty (§ 75B-2-802), impartiality and prudence (§ 75B-2-803, § 75B-2-804), control and records (§ 75B-2-807, § 75B-2-808), and the duty to inform and report — the 60-day notices and the trustee's report (§ 75B-2-811).

reasonable compensation where the terms do not specify it (Utah Code § 75B-2-708), the advance notice of a change in the method or rate (§ 75B-2-811(2)(d)), the compensation or fee schedule in the report (§ 75B-2-811(3)), reimbursement (§ 75B-2-709) and the court's power to reduce or deny compensation for a breach (§ 75B-2-1001).

termination (Utah Code § 75B-2-410), the uneconomic trust under $100,000 after notice (§ 75B-2-414), the proposal for distribution with its 30-day objection, the reasonable reserve and the release rule (§ 75B-2-815), the report at termination (§ 75B-2-811(3)) and the one-year limitation from the trust's end (§ 75B-2-1005).

Accepting the office, the duties from day one, the two 60-day notices, and the estate beside the trust.

Who is kept informed, the two 60-day notices, the report to those who request it and its waiver, and the six-month period.

The prudent investor rule, impartiality, loyalty and its presumptions, and the limits on discretion.

What the words mean in Utah, discretionary distributions, distributing after a death, and the termination steps.

The standard, the advance notice and the report, reimbursement, and when compensation is questioned.

Acting by majority, delegation between cotrustees, dissent and liability, the directed trust and the vacancy.

Delegating with care, engaging professionals, investment agents, and the trust director.

What the statute provides, the report that rests on the record, and the habits that keep it complete.

Settling by agreement, the district court and its probate dispute rules, and the remedies, fees and time limits.

When a Utah trust ends, the proposal and the reserve, the final report and the record.

free plain-language guides to Utah trustee law, organized by question and anchored to the statutes.

the sections of the Georgia Trust Code (O.C.G.A. Title 53, Chapter 12), article by article — general provisions, creation, revocable trusts, modification and termination, spendthrift provisions and creditors' rights, implied and charitable trusts, trustees, accountings, duties and powers, liability, nonresidents and foreign entities, investments, the Principal and Income Act, trust directors and the 2025 electronic-communications article — each in plain language with a link to the official volume

the terms a Georgia trustee meets — qualified beneficiary, the existence notice, the accounting, the certification of trust, cotrustees, the directed trust, the contest period, the limitation period, year's support, per stirpes — each defined in the statute's sense and cited to the Georgia Trust Code and Title 53

what a successor trustee is under the Georgia Trust Code, accepting by the instrument's method or by conduct (O.C.G.A. § 53-12-202), the existence notice within 60 days after the trust became irrevocable (§ 53-12-242), the duties (§§ 53-12-240 to 247), cotrustees' unanimity (§ 53-12-204), the directed trust, resignation and the vacancy (§§ 53-12-220, 53-12-201), compensation (§ 53-12-210) and the accounting (§ 53-12-243)

the first week, the existence notice within 60 days after the death (O.C.G.A. § 53-12-242), taking control of the property (§ 53-12-304), the estate's creditor procedure and the trust's liability where the probate estate is inadequate (§§ 53-7-41, 53-12-82), year's support (§ 53-3-1), the house, the accounting (§ 53-12-243), the two-year contest period and distribution (§ 53-12-45)

the checklist for a person newly named trustee of a Georgia trust — reading the instrument, deciding whether to accept (O.C.G.A. § 53-12-202), the irrevocability date and the 60-day notice (§ 53-12-242), the documents, the assets by title, the beneficiaries, the estate and the record — explained, with the statute beside each step

what a Georgia trustee accounts for at least annually, at termination and on a change of trustees, to whom (the beneficiaries to whom income or principal may be distributed and the person who may revoke), the written waiver and the instrument's override, the report of information on request, the record behind it, the two-year period a report that adequately discloses a claim starts (§ 53-12-307) and the portal rules (§ 53-12-511), and the court's interim and final accountings (§§ 53-12-230, 53-12-231)

the powers the Georgia Trust Code gives a trustee (O.C.G.A. § 53-12-261) and their incorporation by reference (§ 53-12-263), discretion in good faith (§ 53-12-260) and the trustee-beneficiary's limits (§ 53-12-270), delegation (§ 53-12-345), cotrustees' unanimity (§ 53-12-204), the directed trust (§§ 53-12-500 to 506), decanting (§ 53-12-62) and the certification of trust (§ 53-12-280)

the duties of a Georgia trustee under the Georgia Trust Code — good faith (O.C.G.A. § 53-12-240), prudent administration (§ 53-12-241), the existence notice (§ 53-12-242), the accounting and the report on request (§ 53-12-243), net income (§ 53-12-244), loyalty (§ 53-12-246), impartiality (§ 53-12-247), the prudent investor rule (§ 53-12-340) — with the deadline table and the questions readers ask

how a Georgia trustee is paid — the trust instrument or an agreement with the settlor, an agreement with the qualified beneficiaries or one the court approves, and otherwise the statutory default: a corporate trustee's reasonable schedule, or for an individual one percent of principal received plus the graduated annual fee (O.C.G.A. § 53-12-210); apportionment among cotrustees and successors (§ 53-12-211); extra compensation by petition (§ 53-12-212); reimbursement (§ 53-12-213)

how a Georgia trust ends — the accounting at termination (O.C.G.A. § 53-12-243), distribution after the settlor's death subject to the two-year contest period and a contestant's notice (§ 53-12-45), the uneconomic trust (§ 53-12-65), modification and termination by the court (§ 53-12-61), the final accounting a court may approve (§ 53-12-231) and the limitation period a final report starts (§ 53-12-307)

Accepting the office, the duties from day one, the one 60-day notice, and the estate beside the trust.

The report on request, the accounting at least annually and its recipients, the waiver and the override, and the two-year period a report can start.

The standard of care, the prudent investor rule and diversification, the inception review, loyalty and impartiality, and discretion in good faith.

The instrument's words first, Georgia's per stirpes division, the two-year contest period, the estate's claims and the beneficiary on public benefits.

The instrument or an agreement first, then the statutory default — the receipt fee and the graduated annual fee — apportionment, extra compensation and expenses.

Unanimity, ministerial delegation, a cotrustee's liability for another's breach, the vacancy, the directed trust, and the certification each trustee signs.

Delegating investment and management functions, the care in selecting and reviewing an agent, employing professionals, the directed trust and dealing with third parties.

The two statements an accounting contains, the court's schedules, principal and income, the delivery record and the portal's conditions.

Information first, the nonjudicial settlement agreement, the court's instructions and accountings, removal, and what a breach of trust means.

The accounting at termination, distribution after the death and the contest period, the uneconomic trust, the court's modification and termination, and the final accounting.

free plain-language guides to Georgia trustee law, organized by question and anchored to the statutes.

the sections of the Ohio Trust Code (R.C. Chapters 5801 to 5811), chapter by chapter — general provisions, judicial proceedings, representation, creation and modification, creditors' claims and spendthrift trusts, revocable trusts, the office of trustee, duties and powers, the prudent investor rule, liability and third parties — with the transferee and excluded fiduciaries of Chapter 5815, each in plain language with a link to the official text

the terms an Ohio trustee meets — current beneficiary, qualified beneficiary, the beneficiary surrogate, the two notices, the trustee's report, the certification of trust, cotrustees, the wholly discretionary trust, the contest period, the limitation period, dower, the allowance for support, per stirpes — each defined in the statute's sense and cited to the Ohio Trust Code and the Revised Code

what a successor trustee is under the Ohio Trust Code, accepting by the instrument's method or by conduct (R.C. 5807.01), the acceptance notice within 60 days and the existence notice within 60 days of knowing the trust became irrevocable (R.C. 5808.13), the duties (R.C. 5808.01 to 5808.12), cotrustees' majority rule (R.C. 5807.03), the excluded fiduciary, resignation and the vacancy (R.C. 5807.05, 5807.04), compensation (R.C. 5807.08) and the trustee's report (R.C. 5808.13)

the first week, the acceptance notice and the existence notice within 60 days (R.C. 5808.13), taking control of the property (R.C. 5808.09), the estate's six-month creditor presentment (R.C. 2117.06), the surviving spouse's election, dower and the allowance for support (R.C. 2106.01, 2103.02, 2106.13), the house, the trustee's report (R.C. 5808.13), the two-year contest period and distribution (R.C. 5806.04, 5808.17)

the checklist for a person newly named trustee of an Ohio trust — reading the instrument, deciding whether to accept (R.C. 5807.01), the acceptance date and the knowledge date and the two 60-day notices (R.C. 5808.13), the documents, the assets by title, the current beneficiaries, the estate and the record — explained, with the statute beside each step

what an Ohio trustee reports at least annually and at termination, to whom (the current beneficiaries and whoever requests it), the waiver and its withdrawal, the surrogate and the floor at twenty-five (R.C. 5801.04), the instrument on request, the record behind it, the two-year period a report that adequately discloses a claim starts and the four-year path (R.C. 5810.05), and the testamentary trustee's court account (R.C. 2109.303)

the powers the Ohio Trust Code gives a trustee — the general powers (R.C. 5808.15) and the specific powers (R.C. 5808.16) — the discretionary standard (R.C. 5808.14), delegation (R.C. 5808.07), cotrustees' majority rule (R.C. 5807.03), powers to direct and the excluded fiduciary (R.C. 5808.08, 5815.25), decanting (R.C. 5808.18) and the certification of trust (R.C. 5810.13)

the duties of an Ohio trustee under the Ohio Trust Code — good faith (R.C. 5808.01), loyalty (R.C. 5808.02), impartiality (R.C. 5808.03), prudence (R.C. 5808.04), control and records (R.C. 5808.09, 5808.10), the notices and the report (R.C. 5808.13), the prudent investor rule (R.C. 5809.02) — with the deadline table and the questions readers ask

how an Ohio trustee is paid — as the trust instrument specifies, else compensation reasonable under the circumstances, with the court's power to allow more or less (R.C. 5807.08); advance notice to the current beneficiaries of a change in the method or rate (R.C. 5808.13); reimbursement of expenses (R.C. 5807.09); a court-accountable trustee's compensation by local rule (Civ.R. 73.24)

how an Ohio trust ends — the report at termination (R.C. 5808.13), the expeditious distribution with a reasonable reserve and the thirty-day proposal (R.C. 5808.17), the contest period (R.C. 5806.04), the optional forty-five-day closing process (R.C. 5801.21, 5801.22), the uneconomic trust (R.C. 5804.14), modification and termination by consent (R.C. 5804.11) and the limitation period a final report starts (R.C. 5810.05)

Accepting the office, the duties from day one, the two 60-day notices, and the estate beside the trust.

The response to a request, the copy of the instrument, the report at least annually and its recipients, the waiver and the surrogate, and the two-year period a report can start.

The prudent person standard, the prudent investor rule, diversification, the review of assets, and judgment without hindsight.

The standard for discretionary distributions, the contest period and the reserve, deceased beneficiaries, and what per stirpes means in Ohio.

The instrument's terms or reasonable compensation, the court's power to adjust, the advance notice of a change, reimbursement of expenses, and the local rule for court trustees.

Majority rule among three or more, delegation between cotrustees, liability for a cotrustee's breach, vacancies, and how cotrustees sign.

What may be delegated, the care owed in selecting and supervising agents, employing professionals, and powers held by others under the instrument.

Adequate records, separate property, what the report draws on, the court account with vouchers, and titling to the trustee.

The private settlement agreement, the court's jurisdiction and instructions, arbitration clauses, the optional closing process, and the remedies for breach.

The report at termination, the distribution and the reserve, the thirty-day proposal, the optional closing process, the uneconomic trust and the periods that follow.

free plain-language guides to Ohio trustee law, organized by question and anchored to the statutes.

the sections of the Massachusetts Uniform Trust Code (G.L. c. 203E), article by article — general provisions, judicial proceedings, representation, creation and modification, creditors' claims and spendthrift trusts, revocable trusts, the office of trustee, duties and powers, liability and third parties — with the prudent investor act of chapter 203C, each in plain language with a link to the official text

the terms a Massachusetts trustee meets — qualified beneficiary, distributee, the trustee's notice, the account, the final account, the certification of trust, co-trustees, the power to direct, the contest period, the limitation periods, the estate of homestead, per capita at each generation — each defined in the statute's sense and cited to the Massachusetts Uniform Trust Code and the General Laws

what a successor trustee is under the Massachusetts Uniform Trust Code, accepting by the instrument's method or by conduct (G.L. c. 203E, § 701), the notice of the trustee's name and address within 30 days after the later of the acceptance and the irrevocability (G.L. c. 203E, § 813), the duties (G.L. c. 203E, §§ 801 to 812), co-trustees' majority rule (G.L. c. 203E, § 703), powers to direct (G.L. c. 203E, § 808), resignation and the vacancy (G.L. c. 203E, §§ 704, 705), compensation (G.L. c. 203E, § 708) and the account (G.L. c. 203E, § 813)

the first week, the notice of the trustee's name and address within 30 days after the later of the acceptance and the irrevocability (G.L. c. 203E, § 813), taking control of the property (G.L. c. 203E, § 809), the creditors' one year after the death and the trust's exposure (G.L. c. 190B, § 3-803; G.L. c. 203E, § 505), the surviving spouse's claim (G.L. c. 191, § 15), the house and the homestead (G.L. c. 188, § 7), the account (G.L. c. 203E, § 813), the one-year contest period and distribution (G.L. c. 203E, §§ 604, 817)

the checklist for a person newly named trustee of a Massachusetts trust — reading the instrument, deciding whether to accept (G.L. c. 203E, § 701), the acceptance date and the irrevocability date and the 30-day notice from the later of them (G.L. c. 203E, § 813), the documents, the assets by title, the qualified beneficiaries, the estate and the record — explained, with the statute beside each step

what a Massachusetts trustee accounts for at least annually and at termination, to whom (the distributees and permissible distributees and the qualified beneficiaries who request it), the waiver and its withdrawal (G.L. c. 203E, § 813), the terms that may vary it (G.L. c. 203E, § 105), the record behind it, the six-month period a final account that fully discloses a matter starts, the three-year and five-year paths (G.L. c. 203E, § 1005), and the account in court when a court orders it (G.L. c. 206, § 2)

the powers the Massachusetts Uniform Trust Code gives a trustee — the general powers (G.L. c. 203E, § 815) and the specific powers, nominee trusts among them (G.L. c. 203E, § 816) — the discretionary standard (G.L. c. 203E, § 814), delegation (G.L. c. 203E, § 807), co-trustees' majority rule (G.L. c. 203E, § 703), powers to direct (G.L. c. 203E, § 808) and the certification of trust (G.L. c. 203E, § 1013)

the duties of a Massachusetts trustee under the Massachusetts Uniform Trust Code — good faith (G.L. c. 203E, § 801), loyalty (G.L. c. 203E, § 802), impartiality (G.L. c. 203E, § 803), prudence (G.L. c. 203E, § 804), control and records (G.L. c. 203E, §§ 809, 810), the notice and the account (G.L. c. 203E, § 813), the prudent investor rule (G.L. c. 203C, § 3) — with the deadline table and the questions readers ask

how a Massachusetts trustee is paid — as the trust instrument specifies, else compensation reasonable under the circumstances, with the court's power to allow more or less (G.L. c. 203E, § 708); the amount stated in the account (G.L. c. 203E, § 813); reimbursement of expenses (G.L. c. 203E, § 709)

how a Massachusetts trust ends — the account at termination (G.L. c. 203E, § 813), the expeditious distribution with a reasonable reserve and the thirty-day proposal (G.L. c. 203E, § 817), the contest period (G.L. c. 203E, § 604), the uneconomic trust under $200,000 (G.L. c. 203E, § 414), modification and termination by consent (G.L. c. 203E, § 411) and the six-month period a final account starts (G.L. c. 203E, § 1005)

Accepting the office, the duties from day one, the one 30-day notice from the later of two dates, and the estate beside the trust.

The response to a request, the account at least annually and its recipients, the waiver and the instrument's terms, the revocable period, and the six-month period a final account can start.

The prudent person standard, the prudent investor rule, diversification, the review of assets, and judgment as of the time of the decision.

The standard for discretionary distributions, the contest period, the creditors' year and the reserve, and what per stirpes means in Massachusetts.

The instrument's terms or reasonable compensation, the court's power to adjust, the amount stated in the account, reimbursement of expenses, and the court's remedies.

Majority rule when unanimity fails, participation and unavailability, liability for a co-trustee's breach, vacancies and resignation, and how co-trustees sign.

What may be delegated, the care owed in selecting and reviewing agents, paying for professional help, and powers to direct held by others under the instrument.

Adequate records, separate property, what the account draws on, the three-schedule court account, and contracts and title for the trust.

The non-judicial settlement agreement, the court's jurisdiction and instructions, alternative dispute resolution, consent and release, removal, and the remedies for breach.

When a trust ends, the account at termination, the distribution and the reserve, the thirty-day proposal, the uneconomic trust and the periods that follow.

free plain-language guides to Massachusetts trustee law, organized by question and anchored to the statutes.

the 84 sections of New Jersey's Uniform Trust Code (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-1 to 3B:31-84), article by article — general provisions and definitions, representation, creation and modification, creditors' claims and spendthrift trusts, revocable trusts, the office of trustee, duties and powers, liability and third parties, miscellaneous — with the prudent investor act (N.J.S.A. 3B:20-11.1 et seq.), each in plain language with a link to the official text

the terms a New Jersey trustee meets — qualified beneficiary, the age-35 floor, the report, the delegation notice, letters of trusteeship, the certification of trust, co-trustees and the written dissent, the investment adviser, the contest period, the limitation periods, the statutory commissions, the elective share, the transfer inheritance tax, by representation — each defined in the statute's sense and cited to New Jersey's Uniform Trust Code and the New Jersey Statutes

what a successor trustee is under New Jersey's Uniform Trust Code, accepting by the instrument's method, by conduct or by letters of trusteeship (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-46; N.J.S.A. 3B:11-2), the duty to inform in place of a notice (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-67), the duties (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-54 to 3B:31-66), co-trustees' majority rule and the written dissent (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-48), powers to direct and the investment adviser (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-61; N.J.S.A. 3B:31-62), resignation and the vacancy (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-49; N.J.S.A. 3B:31-50), the statutory commissions (N.J.S.A. 3B:18-2) and the report (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-67)

the first week, the duty to inform in place of a notice (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-67), taking control of the property (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-63), the six-month review (N.J.S.A. 3B:20-11.7), the creditors' nine months and the trust's exposure (N.J.S.A. 3B:22-4; N.J.S.A. 3B:31-39), the elective share (N.J.S.A. 3B:8-1), the house, the transfer inheritance tax by class (N.J.S.A. 54:34-2; N.J.S.A. 54:35-19), the report, the three-year contest period and distribution (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-45; N.J.S.A. 3B:31-70)

the checklist for a person newly named trustee of a New Jersey trust — reading the instrument, deciding whether to accept (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-46), the acceptance date and the six-month review it starts (N.J.S.A. 3B:20-11.7), the death date and the creditors' nine months and contest window it starts (N.J.S.A. 3B:22-4; N.J.S.A. 3B:31-45), the documents, the assets by title, the qualified beneficiaries and the duty to inform (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-67), the estate and the record — explained, with the statute beside each step

what a New Jersey trustee discloses to the qualified beneficiaries and may report, the instrument on request, the terms that may vary the duties and the age-35 floor (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-67; N.J.S.A. 3B:31-5), the record behind the report, the six-month period a report that adequately discloses a claim starts and the five-year path (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-74), the report at termination (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-70) and the account in court when the court requires it (N.J.S.A. 3B:17-3; R. 4:87-1)

the powers New Jersey's Uniform Trust Code gives a trustee — the general powers (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-69) and the fiduciaries' powers of chapter 14 (N.J.S.A. 3B:14-23) — the discretionary standard (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-68; N.J.S.A. 3B:11-4.1), delegation and the written notice (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-60), co-trustees' majority rule (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-48), powers to direct and the investment adviser (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-61; N.J.S.A. 3B:31-62) and the certification of trust (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-81)

the duties of a New Jersey trustee under New Jersey's Uniform Trust Code — good faith (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-54), loyalty (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-55), impartiality (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-56), prudence (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-57), control and records (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-63; N.J.S.A. 3B:31-64), the duty to inform and the report (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-67), the prudent investor rule and the six-month review (N.J.S.A. 3B:20-11.3; N.J.S.A. 3B:20-11.7) — with the deadline table and the questions readers ask

how a New Jersey trustee is paid — as the trust instrument provides, else the statutory commissions: 6% of income (N.J.S.A. 3B:18-24), $5 and $3 per thousand of corpus a year with a $100 minimum (N.J.S.A. 3B:18-25), one fifth more per additional fiduciary (N.J.S.A. 3B:18-25.1), the termination commission by the years held (N.J.S.A. 3B:18-28), the testamentary trustee's cap (N.J.S.A. 3B:18-31), the court's review (N.J.S.A. 3B:18-27), the annual statement (N.J.S.A. 3B:18-7) and reimbursement of expenses (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-53)

how a New Jersey trust ends — the expeditious distribution with a reasonable reserve and the thirty-day proposal (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-70), the contest period (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-45), the uneconomic trust under $100,000 (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-30), modification and termination by consent (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-27), the inheritance-tax consents and the trustee's liability (N.J.S.A. 54:35-19; N.J.S.A. 54:36-7) and the six months a report starts (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-74)

Accepting the office, the duties from day one, the information duty in place of a notice, the six-month review of the assets, and the estate beside the trust.

The information duty and the instrument on request, the optional report and its contents, the terms that may vary the duties and the age-35 floor, the revocable period, and the six months a report can start.

The prudent person standard, the prudent investor rule, diversification, the six-month review of assets, and judgment as of the time of the decision.

The standard for discretionary distributions, the contest window, the creditors' nine months and the reserve, and what per stirpes and representation mean in New Jersey.

The instrument's provision or the statute's schedule — income commissions, annual corpus commissions, the termination commission, several fiduciaries — the court's review, the annual statement and expenses.

Majority rule when unanimity fails and the written dissent, participation and unavailability, liability for a co-trustee's breach, vacancies and resignation, and how co-trustees sign.

What may be delegated, the written notice to the beneficiaries naming the agent, the care owed in selecting and reviewing agents, paying for professional help, and powers to direct held by others.

Adequate records, separate property and third-party designation, what the report and the court account draw on, and contracts and title for the trust.

The nonjudicial settlement agreement, the Superior Court's Chancery Division, Probate Part, representation, consent and release, removal, and the remedies for breach.

When a trust ends, the distribution and the reserve, the thirty-day proposal, the optional report, the uneconomic trust, the inheritance-tax consents and the periods that follow.

free plain-language guides to New Jersey trustee law, organized by question and anchored to the statutes.

the 148 sections of Virginia's Uniform Trust Code (Va. Code §§ 64.2-700 to 64.2-808), article by article — general provisions and definitions, judicial proceedings, representation, creation and modification, creditors' claims and spendthrift trusts, revocable trusts, the office of trustee, duties and powers, the Uniform Trust Decanting Act, the Uniform Directed Trust Act, the Uniform Prudent Investor Act, liability and persons dealing with the trustee, and the miscellaneous provisions — each in plain language with a link to the section's page on law.lis.virginia.gov

the terms a Virginia trustee meets — qualified beneficiary, the acceptance and irrevocability notices, the July 1, 2006 line, the trustee's report, qualification before the clerk, the Commissioner of Accounts, the certification of trust, cotrustees, trust directors, decanting, the contest period, the deemed release, the limitation periods, the elective share and the family allowances, the probate tax and the practice of law — each defined in the statute's sense and cited

what a successor trustee is under Virginia's Uniform Trust Code, accepting by the instrument's method or by conduct (Va. Code § 64.2-754), qualification before the clerk for a trust under a will (Va. Code § 64.2-1401), the two 60-day notices (Va. Code § 64.2-775(B)), the duties (Va. Code §§ 64.2-763 to 64.2-775), cotrustees and trust directors (Va. Code §§ 64.2-756, 64.2-779.32), resignation and the vacancy (Va. Code §§ 64.2-757, 64.2-758), compensation (Va. Code § 64.2-761) and the report (Va. Code § 64.2-775(C))

the first week, the irrevocability notice within 60 days of the trustee's knowledge and the acceptance notice (Va. Code § 64.2-775(B)), the July 1, 2006 line (Va. Code § 64.2-775(E)), taking control of the property (Va. Code § 64.2-771), the creditors' two years on a written demand (Va. Code § 64.2-747), the estate's notice of probate and notice to creditors (Va. Code §§ 64.2-508, 64.2-508.1), the elective share (Va. Code § 64.2-308.12), the family allowances (Va. Code §§ 64.2-309, 64.2-310, 64.2-311), the house, the court track for a trust under a will (Va. Code §§ 64.2-1401, 64.2-1306), the contest window (Va. Code § 64.2-753) and distribution (Va. Code § 64.2-779)

the checklist for a person newly named trustee of a Virginia trust — reading the instrument, deciding whether to accept (Va. Code § 64.2-754), the acceptance date and the knowledge date that start the two 60-day notices (Va. Code § 64.2-775(B)), the July 1, 2006 line (Va. Code § 64.2-775(E)), the death date and the creditors' two years and contest window it starts (Va. Code §§ 64.2-747, 64.2-753), the documents, the assets by title, the court track for a trust under a will (Va. Code § 64.2-1306), and what to avoid

what a Virginia trustee reports at least annually and at the termination, to whom, the waiver and the July 1, 2006 line (Va. Code § 64.2-775), the record behind the report (Va. Code § 64.2-772), the one-year period a report that adequately discloses a claim starts and the five-year path (Va. Code § 64.2-796), the 60-day deemed release (Va. Code § 64.2-800), and the Commissioner of Accounts' inventory and May 1 account for a trust under a will (Va. Code §§ 64.2-1300, 64.2-1306, 64.2-1307)

the powers Virginia's Uniform Trust Code gives a trustee — the general powers (Va. Code § 64.2-777), the specific powers (Va. Code § 64.2-778) and the powers a will or trust incorporates by reference (Va. Code § 64.2-105) — the discretionary standard (Va. Code § 64.2-776), delegation (Va. Code § 64.2-769), cotrustees (Va. Code § 64.2-756), trust directors (Va. Code § 64.2-779.29), decanting (Va. Code § 64.2-779.5), the unitrust (Va. Code § 64.2-1041), digital assets (Va. Code § 64.2-126) and the certification of trust (Va. Code § 64.2-804)

the duties of a Virginia trustee under Virginia's Uniform Trust Code — good faith (Va. Code § 64.2-763), loyalty (Va. Code § 64.2-764), impartiality (Va. Code § 64.2-765), prudence (Va. Code § 64.2-766), control and records (Va. Code §§ 64.2-771, 64.2-772), the two notices and the report (Va. Code § 64.2-775) and investment under the prudent investor rule (Va. Code § 64.2-781) — each with its statute

how a Virginia trustee is paid — as the terms specify, else compensation reasonable under the circumstances, the court able to allow more or less (Va. Code § 64.2-761); the advance notice of a change in method or rate and the report's statement of the compensation (Va. Code § 64.2-775); reimbursement of expenses (Va. Code § 64.2-762); and before the Commissioner of Accounts, the reasonable commission allowed (Va. Code § 64.2-1208) and the compensation a late account forfeits (Va. Code § 64.2-1217)

how a Virginia trust ends — the expeditious distribution with a reasonable reserve and the thirty-day proposal (Va. Code § 64.2-779), the 60-day deemed release (Va. Code § 64.2-800), the uneconomic trust under $250,000 (Va. Code § 64.2-732), modification and termination by consent (Va. Code § 64.2-729), the final report (Va. Code § 64.2-775(C)) and the limitation paths that follow (Va. Code § 64.2-796)

Accepting the office, the duties from day one, the two 60-day notices and the July 1, 2006 line, qualification for a trust under a will, and the estate beside the trust.

The acceptance and irrevocability notices, the standing duty to inform, the instrument on request, the annual report, the waiver and the July 1, 2006 line.

Care, skill and caution; the review of the assets at the start; diversification; the waiver that needs express words; and no hindsight.

Discretion and its standard, when distribution waits, the reserve on termination, and how Virginia divides among descendants.

The terms first, reasonable compensation where they are silent, the advance notice of a change, reimbursement, and the year's account before the Commissioner of Accounts.

Majority decision, participation, delegation to a cotrustee, the duty to watch the others, the dissent, and a vacancy.

What may be delegated, the care it takes, investment and management functions, and trust directors under Virginia's Uniform Directed Trust Act.

Adequate records, separate property, the report's four contents, and the vouchers a court account carries.

Settling by agreement, asking the court, mediation, removal, and what a court may order for a breach.

Termination by the terms, by consent, or under $250,000 as uneconomic; the final report; the proposal; the reserve; and the release.

free plain-language guides to Virginia trustee law, organized by question and anchored to the statutes.

the trustee experience — guided 60-day roadmap, action gates, proof record, in seven languages.

the free education-first hub for self-represented Florida successor trustees: learn the rules, check where you stand, act on the record, connect with an attorney.

a packet of your role, duties, deadlines, and first steps — the Florida Trust Code's duties with the statute text and your own facts, prepared by TrusteeClear from the signed trust to bring to a licensed Florida attorney of your choosing.

a 60-second tour — upload the trust, the software organizes what it says with a source for each item, and your own records are compared with one another beside the statute each relates to.

pricing for unrepresented / DIY Florida trustees.

the Texas landing hub — a successor trustee's duties under the Texas Trust Code, the deadlines Texas sets, and the records to keep, organized to bring to a licensed Texas attorney of your choosing.

a packet of your role, duties, dates, and first steps — the Texas Trust Code's duties with the statute text and your own facts, prepared by TrusteeClear from the signed trust to bring to a licensed Texas attorney of your choosing.

the trustee experience — guided 60-day roadmap, action gates, proof record, in seven languages.

pricing for unrepresented / DIY Texas trustees.

the free education-first hub for self-represented Texas successor trustees: learn the rules, check where you stand, act on the record, connect with an attorney.

the California landing hub — a successor trustee's duties under the California Trust Law, the dates California sets (the notification by trustee within 60 days, the change in ownership statement within 150 days), and the records to keep, organized to bring to a licensed California attorney of your choosing.

a packet of your role, duties, dates, and first steps — the California Trust Law's duties with the statute text and your own facts, organized by TrusteeClear to bring to a licensed California attorney of your choosing; it completes no California document.

the trustee experience — guided 60-day roadmap, action gates, proof record, in seven languages.

pricing for unrepresented / DIY California trustees.

the free education-first hub for self-represented California successor trustees: learn the rules, check where you stand, act on the record, connect with an attorney.

the New York landing hub — a successor trustee's duties under the New York Estates, Powers and Trusts Law, the rules New York sets (no statutory notice to beneficiaries, statutory commissions and the statements they depend on, the estate tax return within nine months where a return is due), and the records to keep, organized to bring to a licensed New York attorney of your choosing.

a packet of your role, duties, dates, and first steps — the duties of the EPTL and the SCPA with the statute text and your own facts, organized by TrusteeClear to bring to a licensed New York attorney of your choosing; it completes no New York document.

the trustee experience — guided 60-day roadmap, action gates, proof record, in seven languages.

pricing for unrepresented / DIY New York trustees.

the free education-first hub for self-represented New York successor trustees: learn the rules, check where you stand, act on the record, connect with an attorney.

the Colorado landing hub — a successor trustee's duties under the Colorado Uniform Trust Code (C.R.S. Title 15, Article 5), the two 60-day notices to the qualified beneficiaries and the annual report Colorado sets, the certification of trust, and the records to keep, organized to bring to a licensed Colorado attorney of your choosing.

a packet of your role, duties, dates, and first steps — the duties of the Colorado Uniform Trust Code with the statute text and your own facts, organized by TrusteeClear to bring to a licensed Colorado attorney of your choosing.

the trustee experience — guided 60-day roadmap, action gates, proof record, in seven languages.

pricing for unrepresented / DIY Colorado trustees.

the free education-first hub for self-represented Colorado successor trustees: learn the rules, check where you stand, act on the record, connect with an attorney.

the Pennsylvania landing hub — a successor trustee's duties under the Pennsylvania Uniform Trust Act (20 Pa.C.S. Chapter 77), the written notice within 30 days after the trustee learns of the settlor's death, the change-of-trustee notice, the financial reports a current beneficiary may request, the trustee's advertisement, the certification of trust, and the records to keep, organized to bring to a licensed Pennsylvania attorney of your choosing.

a packet of your role, duties, dates, and first steps — the duties of the Pennsylvania Uniform Trust Act with the statute text and your own facts, organized by TrusteeClear to bring to a licensed Pennsylvania attorney of your choosing.

the trustee experience — guided 60-day roadmap, action gates, proof record, in seven languages.

pricing for unrepresented / DIY Pennsylvania trustees.

the free education-first hub for self-represented Pennsylvania successor trustees: learn the rules, check where you stand, act on the record, connect with an attorney.

the Michigan landing hub — a successor trustee's duties under the Michigan Trust Code (MCL 700.7101 et seq.), the two notices to the qualified trust beneficiaries within 63 days (MCL 700.7814(2)(b), (c)), the trustee's report at least annually, the trustee's own notice to creditors where no personal representative has letters (MCL 700.7608), the certificate of trust, and the records to keep, organized to bring to a licensed Michigan attorney of your choosing.

a packet of your role, duties, dates, and first steps — the duties of the Michigan Trust Code with the statute text and your own facts, organized by TrusteeClear to bring to a licensed Michigan attorney of your choosing.

the trustee experience — guided 60-day roadmap, action gates, proof record, in seven languages.

pricing for unrepresented / DIY Michigan trustees.

the free education-first hub for self-represented Michigan successor trustees: learn the rules, check where you stand, act on the record, connect with an attorney.

the Illinois landing hub — a successor trustee's duties under the Illinois Trust Code (760 ILCS 3/101 et seq.), the two notices to the qualified beneficiaries within 90 days (760 ILCS 3/813.1(b)(1), (d)(1)(A)), the trust accounting at least annually, the certification of trust (760 ILCS 3/1013), and the records to keep, organized to bring to a licensed Illinois attorney of your choosing.

a packet of your role, duties, dates, and first steps — the duties of the Illinois Trust Code with the statute text and your own facts, organized by TrusteeClear to bring to a licensed Illinois attorney of your choosing.

the trustee experience — guided 60-day roadmap, action gates, proof record, in seven languages.

pricing for unrepresented / DIY Illinois trustees.

the free education-first hub for self-represented Illinois successor trustees: learn the rules, check where you stand, act on the record, connect with an attorney.

the Arizona landing hub — a successor trustee's duties under the Arizona Trust Code (A.R.S. § 14-10101 et seq.), the two notices to the qualified beneficiaries within sixty days (A.R.S. § 14-10813(B)(2), (3)), the trustee's report at least annually (§ 14-10813(C)), the trustee's optional notice to creditors (§ 14-6103), and the records to keep, organized to bring to a licensed Arizona attorney of your choosing.

a packet of your role, duties, dates, and first steps — the duties of the Arizona Trust Code with the statute text and your own facts, organized by TrusteeClear to bring to a licensed Arizona attorney of your choosing.

the trustee experience — guided 60-day roadmap, action gates, proof record, in seven languages.

pricing for unrepresented / DIY Arizona trustees.

the free education-first hub for self-represented Arizona successor trustees: learn the rules, check where you stand, act on the record, connect with an attorney.

the Utah landing hub — a successor trustee's duties under the Utah Uniform Trust Code (Utah Code Title 75B, Chapter 2), the two notices to the qualified beneficiaries within 60 days (Utah Code § 75B-2-811(2)(b), (c)), the trustee's report at least annually to those who request it (§ 75B-2-811(3)), the trustee's own notice to creditors (§ 75B-2-508), and the records to keep, organized to bring to a licensed Utah attorney of your choosing.

a packet of your role, duties, dates, and first steps — the duties of the Utah Uniform Trust Code with the statute text and your own facts, organized by TrusteeClear to bring to a licensed Utah attorney of your choosing.

the trustee experience — guided 60-day roadmap, action gates, proof record, in seven languages.

pricing for unrepresented / DIY Utah trustees.

the free education-first hub for self-represented Utah successor trustees: learn the rules, check where you stand, act on the record, connect with an attorney.

the Georgia landing hub — a successor trustee's duties under the Georgia Trust Code (O.C.G.A. Title 53, Chapter 12), the one notice to the qualified beneficiaries within 60 days after the trust became irrevocable (O.C.G.A. § 53-12-242), the accounting at least annually to the beneficiaries to whom income or principal may be distributed (§ 53-12-243), the two-year contest period (§ 53-12-45), the statutory fee schedule (§ 53-12-210) and the certification of trust (§ 53-12-280), with the free role check and the Learning Center

the trustee experience — guided 60-day roadmap, action gates, proof record, in seven languages.

pricing for unrepresented / DIY Georgia trustees.

the free education-first hub for self-represented Georgia successor trustees: learn the rules, check where you stand, act on the record, connect with an attorney.

the Ohio landing hub — a successor trustee's duties under the Ohio Trust Code (R.C. Chapters 5801 to 5811), the two 60-day notices to the current beneficiaries after accepting and after the trustee knows the trust became irrevocable (R.C. 5808.13), the trustee's report at least annually (R.C. 5808.13), the two-year contest period (R.C. 5806.04), reasonable compensation (R.C. 5807.08) and the certification of trust (R.C. 5810.13), with the free role check and the Learning Center

the trustee experience — guided 60-day roadmap, action gates, proof record, in seven languages.

pricing for unrepresented / DIY Ohio trustees.

the free education-first hub for self-represented Ohio successor trustees: learn the rules, check where you stand, act on the record, connect with an attorney.

the Massachusetts landing hub — a successor trustee's duties under the Massachusetts Uniform Trust Code (G.L. c. 203E), the one notice of the trustee's name and address within 30 days after the later of the acceptance and the trust's becoming irrevocable (G.L. c. 203E, § 813), the account at least annually (G.L. c. 203E, § 813), the one-year contest period (G.L. c. 203E, § 604), the creditors' one year after the death (G.L. c. 190B, § 3-803), reasonable compensation (G.L. c. 203E, § 708) and the certification of trust (G.L. c. 203E, § 1013), with the free role check and the Learning Center

the trustee experience — guided 60-day roadmap, action gates, proof record, in seven languages.

pricing for unrepresented / DIY Massachusetts trustees.

the free education-first hub for self-represented Massachusetts successor trustees: learn the rules, check where you stand, act on the record, connect with an attorney.

the New Jersey landing hub — a successor trustee's duties under New Jersey's Uniform Trust Code (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-1 et seq.), the duty to inform and the instrument on request in place of a statutory notice (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-67), the six-month review of the assets (N.J.S.A. 3B:20-11.7), the delegation notice (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-60), the three-year contest period (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-45), the creditors' nine months (N.J.S.A. 3B:22-4), the statutory commissions (N.J.S.A. 3B:18-2), the transfer inheritance tax (N.J.S.A. 54:34-2) and the certification of trust (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-81), with the free role check and the Learning Center

the trustee experience — guided 60-day roadmap, action gates, proof record, in seven languages.

pricing for unrepresented / DIY New Jersey trustees.

the free education-first hub for self-represented New Jersey successor trustees: learn the rules, check where you stand, act on the record, connect with an attorney.

the Virginia landing hub — a successor trustee's duties under Virginia's Uniform Trust Code (Va. Code § 64.2-700 et seq.), the two 60-day notices to the qualified beneficiaries and the July 1, 2006 line (Va. Code § 64.2-775(B), (E)), the annual report (Va. Code § 64.2-775(C)), the court track of a trustee who qualifies before the clerk — the Commissioner of Accounts' inventory and the May 1 account (Va. Code §§ 64.2-1300, 64.2-1306) — the contest period (Va. Code § 64.2-753), the creditors' two years on a written demand (Va. Code § 64.2-747), the 60-day deemed release (Va. Code § 64.2-800) and the one-year and five-year limitation paths (Va. Code § 64.2-796); general information, not advice

the trustee experience — guided 60-day roadmap, action gates, proof record, in seven languages.

pricing for unrepresented / DIY Virginia trustees.

the free education-first hub for self-represented Virginia successor trustees: learn the rules, check where you stand, act on the record, connect with an attorney.

a free guided check of where you stand as a trustee and what comes next.

the three distribution systems' exact fractions, side by side, for any two-generation family shape — arithmetic, not advice.

the one table: the 60-day notices, the notice of trust, accountings, the limitation notice, the trust-contest bar, the creditor windows, the federal tax returns, resignation and distribution — with the statute's own timing and a CSV download.

an inventory of documents and contacts marked located or unknown (education only).

the one table: the asset review, the 90-day answer to an accounting demand, decanting and division notices, the related estate's clocks and the federal tax dates, each cited to the official text, with a CSV download.

an inventory of documents and contacts marked located or unknown (education only).

a free guided check of where you stand as a trustee under Texas law and what comes next.

the three distribution systems' exact fractions, side by side, for any two-generation family shape — Texas's default, per capita with representation (Est. Code §201.101), labeled; arithmetic, not advice.

the one table: the notification by trustee within 60 days (Prob. Code §16061.7), the contest period, the annual account (§16062), the change in ownership statement within 150 days (Rev. & Tax. Code §480(b)), the Medi-Cal notice, the related estate's clocks and the federal tax dates, each cited to the official text, with a CSV download.

an inventory of documents and contacts marked located or unknown (education only).

a free guided check of where you stand as a trustee under California law and what comes next.

the three distribution systems' exact fractions, side by side, for any two-generation family shape — California's default where a statute calls for it, per capita with representation (Prob. Code §240), labeled, and the per stirpes division an instrument's words take (§246); arithmetic, not advice.

the one table: the initial-assets decision (EPTL 11-2.3(b)(3)(D)), the annual statements that annual commissions require (SCPA 2309(4)), information on written request (SCPA 2102(1)), the estate tax return nine months after the death (Tax Law §972), the related estate's claim and election periods, and the federal returns — each with its statute and the official text.

an inventory of documents and contacts marked located or unknown (education only).

a free guided check of where you stand as a trustee under New York law and what comes next.

the three distribution systems' exact fractions, side by side, for any two-generation family shape — New York's division by representation (EPTL 1-2.16), the rule for intestate shares and for a gift to "issue" in an instrument executed on or after September 1, 1992, labeled, with its per stirpes (EPTL 1-2.14) beside it.

the one table: the two 60-day notices to the qualified beneficiaries (C.R.S. §15-5-813(2)(b), (c)), the trustee's report at least annually (§15-5-813(3)), the requests, optional registration and its 30-day demand clock (§15-5-207), the contest and limitation periods (§§15-5-604, 15-5-1005), the related estate's will-lodging, creditor and elective-share periods, and the federal returns — each with its statute and the official text.

an inventory of documents and contacts marked located or unknown (education only).

a free guided check of where you stand as a trustee under Colorado law and what comes next.

the three distribution systems' exact fractions, side by side, for any two-generation family shape — Colorado's intestate division per capita at each generation (C.R.S. §15-11-106) labeled, with the meanings §15-11-709 gives "per stirpes" and "by representation" in an instrument beside it.

the one table: the 30-day notices counted from what the trustee learns (20 Pa.C.S. §7780.3(b)–(f)), the change-of-trustee notice (§7780.3(g)), the notice to a later-appointed personal representative (§3384.1), financial reports on request, the trustee's advertisement after 90 days (§7755(c)), the 13-month and one-year protections, the contest and limitation periods (§§7754, 7785), the related estate's advertisement, inventory and elective-share periods, the inheritance tax's three and nine months (72 P.S. §9142), and the federal returns — each with its statute and the official text.

an inventory of documents and contacts marked located or unknown (education only).

a free guided check of where you stand as a trustee under Pennsylvania law and what comes next.

the three distribution systems' exact fractions, side by side, for any two-generation family shape — Pennsylvania's intestate division per capita with representation (20 Pa.C.S. §2104) labeled, beside per stirpes and per capita at each generation.

the one table: the two 63-day notices, each from its own beginning (MCL 700.7814(2)(b), (c)), the report at least annually, at termination and on a vacancy (MCL 700.7814(3)), the trustee's notice to creditors and the claims periods (MCL 700.7608, 700.7610, 700.7611), the contest and limitation periods (MCL 700.7604, 700.7905), the 28-day and 63-day notices of resignation, delegation, transfer and decanting, the property transfer affidavit within 45 days (MCL 211.27a(10)), the related estate's inventory and spouse's election, and the federal returns — each with its statute and the official text.

an inventory of documents and contacts marked located or unknown (education only).

a free guided check of where you stand as a trustee under Michigan law and what comes next.

the three distribution systems' exact fractions, side by side, for any two-generation family shape — Michigan's intestate division per capita at each generation (MCL 700.2106) labeled, beside per stirpes and per capita with representation, and the meaning MCL 700.2718 gives each term in an instrument.

the one table: the two 90-day notices, each from its own beginning (760 ILCS 3/813.1(b)(1), (d)(1)(A)), the trust accounting at least annually, at termination and on a vacancy (760 ILCS 3/813.1(b)(2)–(4), (c)), the estate's claims periods and the two-year bar (755 ILCS 5/18-3, 755 ILCS 5/18-12), the nine-month rules (760 ILCS 3/505(a)(6), 760 ILCS 3/604(b)), the contest and limitation periods (760 ILCS 3/604, 760 ILCS 3/1005), the 60-day notices of transfer, conversion and decanting, the seven-year record, the Illinois estate tax, the related estate's clocks and the federal returns — each with its statute and the official text.

an inventory of documents and contacts marked located or unknown (education only).

a free guided check of where you stand as a trustee under Illinois law and what comes next.

the three distribution systems' exact fractions, side by side, for any two-generation family shape — Illinois's intestate division per stirpes (755 ILCS 5/2-1) labeled, beside per capita with representation and per capita at each generation, and the lapse rule 760 ILCS 3/114 gives a living trust's gift to a deceased descendant.

the one table: the two sixty-day notices, each from its own beginning (A.R.S. § 14-10813(B)(2), (3)), the trustee's report at least annually, at termination and on a vacancy (§ 14-10813(C)), the thirty days' advance notice of a compensation change ((B)(4)), the optional creditor notice and its four-month bar (§ 14-6103, § 14-3801), the one-year and four-month contest period (§ 14-10604), the thirty-day distribution proposal (§ 14-10817), the one-year and two-year limitations (§ 14-11005), the estate's clocks and the federal tax dates — with the official text linked.

an inventory of documents and contacts marked located or unknown (education only).

a free guided check of where you stand as a trustee under Arizona law and what comes next.

the three distribution systems' exact fractions, side by side, for any two-generation family shape — Arizona's intestate division by representation, per capita at each generation (A.R.S. § 14-2106), labeled, beside strict per stirpes and per capita with representation, and the surviving spouse's share by whether the issue are also the spouse's (§ 14-2102).

the one table: the two 60-day notices, each from its own beginning (Utah Code § 75B-2-811(2)(b), (c)), the trustee's report at least annually, at termination and on a vacancy (§ 75B-2-811(3)), the advance notice of a compensation change ((2)(d)), the trustee's creditor notice with its three-month, 90-day and 60-day periods and the one-year bar (§ 75B-2-508, § 75B-2-509), the three-year and 90-day contest period (§ 75B-2-604), the 30-day distribution proposal (§ 75B-2-815), the six-month and one-year limitations (§ 75B-2-1005), the estate's clocks and the federal tax dates — with the official text linked.

an inventory of documents and contacts marked located or unknown (education only).

a free guided check of where you stand as a trustee under Utah law and what comes next.

the three distribution systems' exact fractions, side by side, for any two-generation family shape — Utah's intestate division per capita at each generation (Utah Code § 75-2-106), labeled, beside strict per stirpes and per capita with representation, the words a governing instrument may use (§ 75-2-709), and the surviving spouse's share by whether the descendants are also the spouse's (§ 75-2-102).

the one table: the 60-day existence notice from the trust becoming irrevocable (O.C.G.A. § 53-12-242), the accounting at least annually, at termination and on a change of trustees (§ 53-12-243), the two-year contest period and the 60-day contestant window (§ 53-12-45), the two-year and six-year limitation paths (§ 53-12-307), the portal's 90 days (§ 53-12-511), the 30-day resignation notice (§ 53-12-220), the fee schedule (§ 53-12-210), the personal representative's inventory, returns and creditor publication (§§ 53-7-30, 53-7-67, 53-7-41) and the 24-month year's support petition (§ 53-3-5) — each with the statute and a link to the official volume

a checklist of the documents, accounts and contacts a Georgia successor trustee gathers before acting — education and organization, no advice

a free check of where a Georgia successor trustee stands — the dates, the notice, the accounting — under the Georgia Trust Code; general information, not advice

the Georgia trustee's duties, deadlines and documents organized for one administration — the existence notice (O.C.G.A. § 53-12-242), the accounting (§ 53-12-243), the certification of trust (§ 53-12-280), the contest period (§ 53-12-45), the estate's claims — with the statute beside each; education, organization and reminders

the arithmetic of per stirpes, per capita with representation and per capita at each generation for a family tree a trustee models, with Georgia's intestate default — the per stirpes division of O.C.G.A. § 53-2-1(c)(3) — labeled; the trust's own words decide which rule applies

the one table: the 60-day acceptance notice and the 60-day existence notice from the trustee's knowledge (R.C. 5808.13), the trustee's report at least annually and at termination (R.C. 5808.13), the two-year contest period and the 90-day contestant hold (R.C. 5806.04), the two-year and four-year limitation paths (R.C. 5810.05), the 30-day resignation notice (R.C. 5807.05), the testamentary trustee's biennial court account (R.C. 2109.303), the executor's inventory, the six-month creditor presentment and the Medicaid notice (R.C. 2115.02, 2117.06, 2117.061) and the surviving spouse's five-month election (R.C. 2106.01) — each with the statute and a link to the official text

a checklist of the documents, accounts and contacts an Ohio successor trustee gathers before acting — education and organization, no advice

a free check of where an Ohio successor trustee stands — the dates, the two notices, the report — under the Ohio Trust Code; general information, not advice

the Ohio trustee's duties, deadlines and documents organized for one administration — the acceptance notice and the existence notice (R.C. 5808.13), the trustee's report (R.C. 5808.13), the certification of trust (R.C. 5810.13), the contest period (R.C. 5806.04), the estate's six months (R.C. 2117.06) — with the statute beside each; education, organization and reminders

the arithmetic of per stirpes, per capita with representation and per capita at each generation for a family tree a trustee models, with Ohio's intestate default — the per stirpes division of R.C. 2105.06(A) — labeled; the trust's own words decide which rule applies

the one table: the 30-day notice of the trustee's name and address from the later of the acceptance and the irrevocability (G.L. c. 203E, § 813), the account at least annually and at termination (G.L. c. 203E, § 813), the one-year contest period and the 60-day contestant hold (G.L. c. 203E, § 604), the six-month, three-year and five-year limitation paths (G.L. c. 203E, § 1005), the 30-day resignation notice (G.L. c. 203E, § 705), the creditors' one year after the death (G.L. c. 190B, § 3-803), the personal representative's inventory (G.L. c. 190B, § 3-706), the surviving spouse's six-month claim (G.L. c. 191, § 15) and the estate tax return's nine months (G.L. c. 62C, § 17) — each with the statute and a link to the official text

a checklist of the documents, accounts and contacts a Massachusetts successor trustee gathers before acting — education and organization, no advice

a free check of where a Massachusetts successor trustee stands — the dates, the one notice, the account — under the Massachusetts Uniform Trust Code; general information, not advice

the Massachusetts trustee's duties, deadlines and documents organized for one administration — the notice of the trustee's name and address and the account (G.L. c. 203E, § 813), the certification of trust (G.L. c. 203E, § 1013), the contest period (G.L. c. 203E, § 604), the creditors' one year (G.L. c. 190B, § 3-803) — with the statute beside each; education, organization and reminders

the arithmetic of per stirpes, per capita with representation and per capita at each generation for a family tree a trustee models, with Massachusetts's intestate default — the per capita at each generation division of G.L. c. 190B, § 2-106 — labeled; the trust's own words decide which rule applies

the one table: no statutory trustee notice, the duty to inform and the instrument on request (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-67), the six-month review of the assets (N.J.S.A. 3B:20-11.7), the written delegation notice (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-60), the three-year contest period and the 90-day contestant hold (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-45), the six-month and five-year limitation paths (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-74), the 30-day resignation notice (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-50), the creditors' nine months (N.J.S.A. 3B:22-4), the inheritance tax's eight months (N.J.S.A. 54:35-3), the elective share's six months (N.J.S.A. 3B:8-12) and the notice of probate's sixty days (R. 4:80-6) — each with the statute and a link to the official text

a checklist of the documents, accounts and contacts a New Jersey successor trustee gathers before acting — education and organization, no advice

a free check of where a New Jersey successor trustee stands — the dates, the duty to inform, the six-month review, the report — under New Jersey's Uniform Trust Code; general information, not advice

the New Jersey trustee's duties, deadlines and documents organized for one administration — the duty to inform and the optional report (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-67), the delegation notice (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-60), the certification of trust (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-81), the contest period (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-45), the creditors' nine months (N.J.S.A. 3B:22-4), the inheritance tax (N.J.S.A. 54:34-2) — with the statute beside each; education, organization and reminders

the arithmetic of per stirpes, per capita with representation and per capita at each generation for a family tree a trustee models, with New Jersey's intestate default — by representation, the per capita at each generation division of N.J.S.A. 3B:5-6 — labeled, and the meanings N.J.S.A. 3B:1-2 gives an instrument's words; the trust's own words decide which rule applies

the one table: the acceptance notice and the irrevocability notice within 60 days each (Va. Code § 64.2-775(B)), the July 1, 2006 line (Va. Code § 64.2-775(E)), the annual report (Va. Code § 64.2-775(C)), the 30-day resignation notice (Va. Code § 64.2-758), the transfer notice (Va. Code § 64.2-706), the contest period and the 60-day contestant hold (Va. Code § 64.2-753), the creditors' two years (Va. Code § 64.2-747), the 30-day proposal (Va. Code § 64.2-779), the 60-day deemed release (Va. Code § 64.2-800), the limitation paths (Va. Code § 64.2-796), the Commissioner of Accounts' inventory, May 1 account and 90-day waiver notice (Va. Code §§ 64.2-1300, 64.2-1306, 64.2-1307), the estate's clocks, Form 770 and the federal dates — each cited, with a CSV download

a checklist of the documents, accounts and contacts a Virginia successor trustee gathers before acting — education and organization, no advice

a free check of where a Virginia successor trustee stands — the dates, the two 60-day notices, the July 1, 2006 line, the report, the court track — under Virginia's Uniform Trust Code; general information, not advice

the Virginia trustee's duties, deadlines and documents organized for one administration — the two notices and the report (Va. Code § 64.2-775), the certification of trust (Va. Code § 64.2-804), the contest period (Va. Code § 64.2-753), the creditors' two years (Va. Code § 64.2-747), the limitation paths (Va. Code § 64.2-796) and the Commissioner of Accounts' filings for a trust under a will (Va. Code §§ 64.2-1300, 64.2-1306) — general information, not advice

the arithmetic of per stirpes, per capita with representation and per capita at each generation for a family tree a trustee models, with Virginia's intestate default — the division at the closest degree of kinship with a living heir, each deceased person's share passing per stirpes to that person's descendants (Va. Code § 64.2-202) — labeled; the instrument's own words control

the building blocks — wills, revocable trusts, probate, asset protection, and advance directives — and how they fit together.

how the two compare on probate, privacy, incapacity, and creditor protection — and why many plans use both.

what it does well, what it does NOT do, and the funding step people miss.

signing isn't finishing: execution formalities, funding the trust, the six-question completeness check, and what the successor trustee will face.

signing creates the trust; funding makes it work: deeds and accounts, the certification of trust, telling the successor, amending by the trust's own method, and the successor's duties at death.

the formalities that made it valid, where the original lives, the personal representative, what a divorce or a birth does to it, what a will cannot do, and the ten-day deposit at death.

the three probate types — formal, summary, and disposition without administration — and the five-step process.

funded trusts, beneficiary designations, joint ownership, Lady Bird deeds, small-estate options — and the titling catch.

homestead, tenancy by the entireties, exempt assets, why a revocable trust is not asset protection, and the fraudulent-transfer timing trap.

revocable, irrevocable, testamentary, special-needs, spendthrift, charitable, and the Florida land trust.

why people use one — estate tax, asset protection, special needs, Medicaid planning, life insurance — and the control trade-off.

intestate succession under Chapter 732 — who inherits, the homestead wrinkle, and the escheat myth.

the §732.401 spouse/descendant rules and 6-month election, the §732.4015 devise restriction that reaches revocable trusts, creditor protection for heirs, and what a trustee should not do with the house.

the incapacity documents — durable power of attorney, health care surrogate, living will — and why a trust alone doesn't cover them.

how a Texas will (Est. Code §256.001), a revocable trust, the probate paths (independent administration, muniment of title, the small-estate affidavit), exempt property and the directives fit together.

how a Texas will and a revocable living trust differ — probate (§256.001; the pour-over devise of §254.001), privacy, incapacity, creditors — and why many Texas plans use both.

what a Texas revocable living trust does (probate avoidance for what it holds, incapacity, privacy, control under §112.051), what it does not do (creditor protection, §112.035), and the funding step (§112.005).

the execution formalities of Est. Code §251.051 and the self-proving affidavit (§251.104), no electronic wills (Bus. & Com. Code §322.003), funding the trust (§112.005), the six-question check, and what the successor faces.

what signing did (§112.004), funding asset by asset (the deed and the qualifying-trust homestead, §41.0021; accounts under Est. Code §113.151), the certification of trust (§114.086), the successor (§112.009), amendments in writing (§112.051), and what happens at death.

what signing did (Est. Code §251.051; the self-proving affidavit, §251.104), the original and the county clerk's deposit (§252.001), the custodian's duty at death (§252.201), revocation (§253.002), divorce (§123.001), probate within four years (§256.003), the muniment of title (§257.001) and the pour-over devise (§254.001).

the common types of Texas trusts — revocable (§112.051), irrevocable, testamentary, special needs, spendthrift (§112.035), charitable, and the trust for the care of an animal (§112.037).

what a Texas irrevocable trust is, why people use one, the control trade-off, and the Trust Code's narrow paths to change one — judicial modification (§112.054), division (§112.057), decanting (§§112.071–112.087), the uneconomic trust (§112.059).

how Texas probate works — the independent administration (Est. Code §401.001), the muniment of title (§257.001), the small-estate affidavit (§205.001), the steps and the clocks (§§256.003, 308.051, 308.002, 309.051), and how to avoid it.

the ways Texans avoid probate — a funded revocable trust, beneficiary and POD/TOD designations, written survivorship agreements (Est. Code §§111.001, 113.151), the transfer on death deed (§§114.051–114.101), the small-estate affidavit and the muniment of title — and why titling decides.

the Texas homestead (Tex. Const. art. XVI, §50; Prop. Code §§41.001–41.002), exempt personal property (§§42.001–42.002), retirement plans (§42.0021) and insurance (Ins. Code §1108.051), community property, what a revocable trust does not do (§112.035), and the fraudulent-transfer trap (Bus. & Com. Code §§24.005–24.006).

who inherits without a will in Texas — the community estate (Est. Code §201.003), the separate estate (§201.002), no spouse (§201.001), the 120-hour rule (§121.052), the homestead's occupancy right and the family set-asides (§§353.051, 353.101) — and the escheat myth.

the three protections, the surviving spouse's constitutional right to occupy (Tex. Const. art. XVI, §52), the court's set-aside (Est. Code §353.051), devise without restriction, the qualifying trust (Prop. Code §41.0021), creditors (art. XVI, §50) and the tax exemption (Tax Code §11.13).

the statutory durable power of attorney (Est. Code §§751.0021, 752.051), the medical power of attorney (Health & Safety Code §166.164), the directive to physicians (§§166.032–166.033), the declaration of guardian (Est. Code §1104.202) and the appointment for remains (Health & Safety Code §711.002).

how a will (Prob. Code §§6110–6111), a revocable trust (§15400), probate and its shorter routes (§§8800, 13100), the statutory exemptions (Code Civ. Proc. §704.710 and following) and an advance health care directive (§4701) fit together.

probate, privacy, incapacity and creditors compared; the pour-over will that carries what was left out into the trust (Prob. Code §6300).

revocable unless expressly irrevocable (Prob. Code §15400), revoked and amended by its own method (§§15401–15402), funding (§15202), and what it does not do for creditors (§18200).

execution (Prob. Code §§6110–6111; no electronic wills, Civ. Code §1633.3), no self-proving affidavit (§8220), the 30-day will delivery (§8200), funding (§15202), the certification (§18100.5) and the six-question check.

funding real property without reassessment (Rev. & Tax. Code §62(d)) and accounts, community property in the trust (Fam. Code §761), the certification of trust (Prob. Code §18100.5), revoking and amending by the trust's own method (§§15401–15402), divorce (§5040) and the successor's first clocks.

execution and proof (Prob. Code §§6110–6111, 8220), the custodian's 30-day delivery (§8200), revocation (§6120), what a divorce revokes (§6122), the omitted spouse and child (§§21610, 21620) and the pour-over will (§6300).

revocable, irrevocable, testamentary, special needs, spendthrift (Prob. Code §15300), charitable and the trust for the care of an animal (§15212).

what giving up control means, why people use one, and how one changes: all beneficiaries' consent (Prob. Code §15403), unanticipated circumstances (§15409) and decanting (§§19507, 19511–19512).

probate administration with the Independent Administration of Estates Act (Prob. Code §§10400, 10450), the inventory within four months (§8800), the creditor claim period (§9100), the small-estate affidavit (§13100), the primary-residence petition (§13151), the small-value real property affidavit (§13200) and the spousal property petition (§13650).

a funded revocable trust, beneficiary, POD and TOD designations, joint tenancy, the revocable transfer on death deed (Prob. Code §§5614, 5624, 5626) and the small-estate routes (§§13100, 13151, 13200, 13650).

the homestead exemption (Code Civ. Proc. §§704.710, 704.730), insurance and retirement exemptions (Code Civ. Proc. §§704.100, 704.115), community property (Fam. Code §760), spendthrift terms (Prob. Code §15300), what a revocable trust does not do (§18200) and voidable transfers (Civ. Code §§3439.04–3439.05).

the surviving spouse's share of community, quasi-community and separate property (Prob. Code §6401), the other heirs in order (§6402), per capita with representation (§240), the 120-hour rule (§6403) and escheat as the last resort (§6404).

community property at a death (Prob. Code §100), no restriction on devise, the probate homestead (§§6520–6524), the homestead exemption (Code Civ. Proc. §704.730), the 150-day change in ownership statement (Rev. & Tax. Code §480(b)) and Proposition 19 (Cal. Const. art. XIII A, §2.1).

the durable power of attorney (Prob. Code §§4124, 4129), the power of attorney for health care (§§4671, 4682), the individual health care instruction (§4670) and the statutory form (§4701), an oral surrogate designation (§4711) and a conservator nomination (§§4672, 1810).

how a will (EPTL 3-2.1), a revocable trust (EPTL 7-1.16–7-1.18), the Surrogate's Court and the small-estate route (SCPA 1301), the statutory protections (CPLR 5205, 5206; Ins. Law §3212), the power of attorney (Gen. Oblig. Law §5-1513), the health care proxy (Pub. Health Law §2981) and the estate tax (Tax Law §952) fit together.

probate, privacy, incapacity and creditors compared; the will that leaves the rest to the trustee (EPTL 3-3.7); a spouse's election counts revocable trust property (EPTL 5-1.1-A).

irrevocable unless it expressly says it is revocable (EPTL 7-1.16), executed with acknowledgment or two witnesses and amended by its own method (EPTL 7-1.17), funding (EPTL 7-1.18), and what it does not do for creditors (EPTL 7-3.1).

execution (EPTL 3-2.1; electronic wills only from December 12, 2027), the witnesses' affidavit (SCPA 1406), no deadline to deliver a will but production can be compelled (SCPA 1401, 2508), the trust's execution and funding (EPTL 7-1.17, 7-1.18), and proving a trustee's authority without a certification statute.

what the signing did (EPTL 7-1.17), funding real property and accounts (EPTL 7-1.18), the beneficiary designations beside the trust (Ins. Law §3212; EPTL 7-3.1(b)), amending by its own method (EPTL 7-1.17(b)), divorce (EPTL 5-1.4), and the estate tax and a spouse's election at death (Tax Law §952; EPTL 5-1.1-A).

execution (EPTL 3-2.1) and the witnesses' affidavit (SCPA 1406), safekeeping in the Surrogate's Court (SCPA 2507), revocation (EPTL 3-4.1), divorce (EPTL 5-1.4), a child born later (EPTL 5-3.2), the executor's commissions (SCPA 2307) and the small-estate route (SCPA 1301).

revocable and irrevocable (EPTL 7-1.16), testamentary, supplemental needs, income interests that cannot be transferred by default (EPTL 7-1.5), charitable, and the trust for a pet (EPTL 7-8.1).

irrevocable unless expressly revocable (EPTL 7-1.16), changed only with every beneficiary's consent (EPTL 7-1.9) or an appointment in further trust (EPTL 10-6.6), the self-settled rule (EPTL 7-3.1), and the uneconomical trust (EPTL 7-1.19).

the Surrogate's Court and letters, creditors' claims (SCPA 1802, 1803), the family's set-off (EPTL 5-3.1), the small-estate route (SCPA 1301), the estate tax (Tax Law §972), settlement of the account (SCPA 2208) and the executor's commissions (SCPA 2307).

a funded revocable trust (EPTL 7-1.18), beneficiary and POD/TOD designations, the tenancy by the entirety (EPTL 6-2.2), the transfer on death deed (Real Prop. Law §424), and the small-estate route (SCPA 1301).

the residence exemption by county (CPLR 5206), the tenancy by the entirety (EPTL 6-2.2), insurance and retirement accounts (Ins. Law §3212; CPLR 5205(c)), the self-settled rule (EPTL 7-3.1), and voidable transfers (Debt. & Cred. Law §§273–274).

the spouse's $50,000 and one-half with issue, the whole without (EPTL 4-1.1), the order of heirs, shares by representation (EPTL 1-2.16), and the family's set-off (EPTL 5-3.1).

no restriction on devise, the tenancy by the entirety (EPTL 6-2.2), intestacy (EPTL 4-1.1), a spouse's election (EPTL 5-1.1-A), the residence exemption that continues for a spouse and children (CPLR 5206), and the estate tax (Tax Law §952).

the durable power of attorney and its execution (Gen. Oblig. Law §§5-1501A, 5-1501B, 5-1513), the health care proxy (Pub. Health Law §§2981–2983), no separate living-will statute, and the guardianship court's look at available resources (Mental Hyg. Law §§81.02–81.03).

how a will (C.R.S. §15-11-502), a revocable trust (§§15-5-402, 15-5-602), beneficiary deeds (§15-15-402), probate and the small-estate affidavit (§15-12-1201), a spouse's elective share (§15-11-202) and the health-care documents (§§15-14-506, 15-18-104) fit together; no Colorado estate tax for current deaths.

probate, privacy, incapacity and creditors compared; the will's execution (C.R.S. §15-11-502); a revocable trust's exposure to the estate's claims (§15-15-103) and to a spouse's elective share (§15-11-202).

creation (C.R.S. §15-5-402), revocable unless it says otherwise (§15-5-602), the settlor's control (§15-5-603), funding and the writing a trust of land needs (§38-10-106), and what happens at death (§§15-5-813, 15-15-103).

execution (C.R.S. §15-11-502), self-proving (§15-11-504), funding and titles (§§38-10-106, 15-15-402), and keeping it current (§§15-5-602, 15-11-507, 15-11-804).

funding (C.R.S. §§15-5-402, 38-10-106, 15-15-402), the settlor's control (§15-5-603), the successor and the certification of trust (§§15-5-701, 15-5-1013), amendment and revocation (§15-5-602), divorce (§15-11-804), and the notices at death (§15-5-813(2)).

deposit for safekeeping (C.R.S. §15-11-515) and lodging after death (§15-11-516), self-proving (§15-11-504), revocation (§15-11-507) and divorce (§15-11-804), the personal representative and the creditors' notice (§15-12-801), and the spouse's rights (§§15-11-202, 15-11-403, 15-11-404).

revocable and irrevocable (C.R.S. §15-5-602), spendthrift (§§15-5-502, 15-5-503), discretionary (§15-5-504), charitable and purpose trusts (§15-5-402), and directed trusts (§§15-16-806, 15-16-809).

when a trust is irrevocable (C.R.S. §15-5-602), changing one by agreement, by the court or by decanting (§§15-5-111, 15-5-412, 15-16-907), creditors (§§15-5-505, 15-5-502, 15-5-504) and the notice to beneficiaries (§15-5-813(2)(c)).

what passes through probate, the will's lodging (C.R.S. §15-11-516), the small-estate affidavit (§15-12-1201), the notice to creditors and the claims periods (§§15-12-801, 15-12-803), and how a trust answers for claims the estate cannot pay (§15-15-103).

a funded revocable trust, beneficiary designations, joint ownership, beneficiary deeds (C.R.S. §15-15-402) and the small-estate affidavit (§15-12-1201) — and why nonprobate property can still answer for the estate's claims (§15-15-103).

revocable and self-settled trusts and the settlor's creditors (C.R.S. §15-5-505), spendthrift and discretionary trusts (§§15-5-502 to 15-5-504), exempt property (§13-54-102), the homestead exemption (§38-41-201) and voidable transfers (§§38-8-105, 38-8-106).

the surviving spouse's share (C.R.S. §15-11-102), the other heirs (§15-11-103), division per capita at each generation (§15-11-106), and why property in a trust is not affected.

no restriction on devising a home, subject to the elective share (C.R.S. §15-11-202); the homestead exemption and the surviving spouse and minor children (§§38-41-201, 38-41-204); exempt property and the family allowance (§§15-11-402 to 15-11-404).

the medical durable power of attorney (C.R.S. §15-14-506) and the declaration as to medical treatment (§15-18-104), and how they differ from a trustee's role (§15-5-801).

how a will (20 Pa.C.S. §2502), a revocable trust (§§7732, 7752), probate before the register of wills (§3155) and small estates (§3102), a spouse's elective share (§2203), the inheritance tax (72 P.S. §9116) and the incapacity documents (§§5604, 5452, 5442) fit together.

probate, privacy, incapacity and creditors compared; the will's execution (20 Pa.C.S. §2502); a revocable trust's exposure to the settlor's creditors (§7755) and to a spouse's elective share (§2203).

creation by a signed writing (20 Pa.C.S. §7732), revocable unless it says otherwise (§7752), the settlor's control (§7753), funding, and what happens at death (§§7780.3, 7755).

execution (20 Pa.C.S. §2502), self-proving (§3132.1), the trust's creation and funding (§7732), and keeping it current (§§7752, 2507, 6111.1).

funding (20 Pa.C.S. §7732), the settlor's control (§7753), the successor and the certification of trust (§§7761, 7790.3), amendment and revocation (§7752), divorce (§6111.1), and the notice at death (§7780.3(c)).

the original and probate at any time (20 Pa.C.S. §§3133, 3137), execution and self-proving (§§2502, 3132.1), the executor and letters (§3155), modification by divorce, marriage and birth (§2507), and the spouse's rights (§§2203, 3121).

revocable and irrevocable (20 Pa.C.S. §7752), spendthrift (§§7742, 7743), discretionary (§7744), the trust for the care of an animal (§7738), and directed trusts (§§7780.15, 7780.17).

when a trust is irrevocable (20 Pa.C.S. §7752), changing one by consent, by the court or by agreement with no decanting statute (§§7740.1, 7740.2, 7710.1), creditors (§§7745, 7742, 7744) and the notices to the current beneficiaries (§7780.3(d)–(f)).

the register of wills and letters (20 Pa.C.S. §3155), probate at any time (§3133), the advertisement of letters (§3162), the inventory (§3301), small estates (§§3101, 3102), the order of claims (§3392), and how a revocable trust's property answers after the estate's (§7755).

a funded revocable trust, beneficiary and POD/TOD designations, joint ownership with survivorship and the small-estate petition (20 Pa.C.S. §3102) — no transfer-on-death deed for real estate — and why property outside probate can still bear the inheritance tax (72 P.S. §9116).

no homestead exemption and the $300 general exemption (42 Pa.C.S. §8123), exempt insurance and retirement funds (§8124), spendthrift and discretionary trusts (20 Pa.C.S. §§7742–7744), self-settled and revocable trusts (§7745) and voidable transfers (12 Pa.C.S. §§5104, 5105).

the surviving spouse's share (20 Pa.C.S. §2102), the other heirs and the endowed community fund (§2103), division per capita with representation (§2104), and why property in a trust is not affected.

no homestead exemption and no restriction on devising a home, subject to the elective share (20 Pa.C.S. §§2203, 2210); the family exemption of $3,500 (§3121); and the home's place among the estate's claims and the inheritance tax (§3392; 72 P.S. §9116).

the durable power of attorney and its execution (20 Pa.C.S. §§5601, 5604), the health care power of attorney (§5452) and the living will (§5442), and how they differ from a trustee's role (§7771).

how a will (MCL 700.2502), a revocable trust (MCL 700.7401, 700.7602), probate and the personal representative (MCL 700.3203), small estates (MCL 700.3982, 700.3983), a spouse's election (MCL 700.2202) and the patient advocate designation (MCL 700.5506) fit together.

probate, privacy, incapacity and creditors compared; the will's execution (MCL 700.2502); a revocable trust's exposure to the settlor's creditors and the family's allowances after the probate estate (MCL 700.7605) and the trustee's notice to creditors (MCL 700.7608).

creation (MCL 700.7401, 700.7402), revocable unless it expressly says otherwise (MCL 700.7602), the settlor's control (MCL 700.7603), funding and the property tax on a deed to your own trust (MCL 211.27a), and what happens at death (MCL 700.7814(2)(c), 700.7608).

execution and the holographic will (MCL 700.2502), self-proving (MCL 700.2504), the trust's creation and funding (MCL 700.7401), and keeping it current (MCL 700.7602, 700.2507, 700.2807).

funding and the property tax (MCL 700.7401; MCL 211.27a(7)), the settlor's control (MCL 700.7603), the successor and the certificate of trust (MCL 700.7701, 700.7913), amendment and revocation (MCL 700.7602), divorce (MCL 700.2807), and the notices at death (MCL 700.7814(2)).

deposit with the probate court and delivery after death (MCL 700.2515, 700.2516), execution and self-proving (MCL 700.2502, 700.2504), the personal representative (MCL 700.3203), revocation, divorce, marriage and a new child (MCL 700.2507, 700.2807, 700.2301, 700.2302), and the spouse's rights (MCL 700.2202, 700.2402).

revocable and irrevocable (MCL 700.7602), spendthrift and support trusts (MCL 700.7502, 700.7503), discretionary trusts (MCL 700.7505), trusts with a nondisclosure period (MCL 700.7409a), and directed trusts and separate trustees (MCL 700.7703a, 700.7703b).

when a trust is irrevocable (MCL 700.7602), changing one by consent, by the court, by agreement or by a distribution to a second trust (MCL 700.7411, 700.7412, 700.7111, 700.7820a), creditors (MCL 700.7502–700.7506) and the notice to the qualified trust beneficiaries (MCL 700.7814(2)(c)).

the probate court and the personal representative (MCL 700.1302, 700.3203), the notice to creditors (MCL 700.3801), the inventory within 91 days (MCL 700.3706), small estates (MCL 700.3982, 700.3983), and how a revocable trust's property answers after the estate's (MCL 700.7605).

a funded revocable trust (MCL 700.7401), beneficiary and POD/TOD designations, joint ownership with survivorship, and the small-estate procedures (MCL 700.3982, 700.3983) — and why trust property can still answer for the estate's claims (MCL 700.7605).

the exemptions from execution (MCL 600.6023), life insurance for a spouse or children (MCL 500.2207), spendthrift, support and discretionary trusts (MCL 700.7502–700.7505), self-settled and revocable trusts (MCL 700.7506) and voidable transfers (MCL 566.34, 566.35).

the surviving spouse's share (MCL 700.2102), the other heirs (MCL 700.2103), division per capita at each generation (MCL 700.2106), the cost-of-living adjustment by the year of death (MCL 700.1210), and why property in a trust is not affected.

no restriction on devising a home, subject to the spouse's election (MCL 700.2202); the homestead allowance and exempt property (MCL 700.2402, 700.2404); and the home's taxable value on a transfer of ownership, its exceptions and the property transfer affidavit (MCL 211.27a).

the patient advocate designation, its execution, the advocate's acceptance and when the authority begins (MCL 700.5506–700.5508), the trust's provisions for an incapacitated settlor (MCL 700.7603(2), 700.7602(5)), and how they differ from a trustee's role (MCL 700.7801).

how a will (755 ILCS 5/4-3), a revocable trust (760 ILCS 3/402, 760 ILCS 3/602), probate and the representative (755 ILCS 5/9-3), small estates (755 ILCS 5/25-1, 755 ILCS 5/9-8), a spouse's renunciation (755 ILCS 5/2-8), the transfer on death instrument (755 ILCS 27/20) and the power of attorney for health care (755 ILCS 45/4-10) fit together.

probate, privacy, incapacity and creditors compared; the will's execution (755 ILCS 5/4-3); a revocable trust's exposure to the settlor's creditors and the family's awards after the probate estate (760 ILCS 3/505) and the estate's notice to creditors (755 ILCS 5/18-3).

creation (760 ILCS 3/401, 760 ILCS 3/402), revocable only where the instrument expressly says so (760 ILCS 3/602), the settlor's control (760 ILCS 3/603), funding and the written conveyance of real property (760 ILCS 3/115), and what happens at death (760 ILCS 3/813.1, 760 ILCS 3/505).

execution with two credible witnesses and no unwitnessed handwritten wills (755 ILCS 5/4-3), the electronic will (755 ILCS 6/5-5), proof of the will (755 ILCS 5/6-4), the trust's creation and funding (760 ILCS 3/401, 760 ILCS 3/115), and keeping it current (760 ILCS 3/602, 755 ILCS 5/4-7).

funding and the written conveyance of real property (760 ILCS 3/401, 760 ILCS 3/115), the settlor's control (760 ILCS 3/603), the successor and the certification of trust (760 ILCS 3/701, 760 ILCS 3/1013), amendment and revocation (760 ILCS 3/602), divorce (760 ILCS 3/605), and the notices at death (760 ILCS 3/813.1).

the original and its filing after death (755 ILCS 5/6-1), execution and proof (755 ILCS 5/4-3, 755 ILCS 5/6-4), the executor's letters (755 ILCS 5/9-3), revocation, divorce and a new child (755 ILCS 5/4-7, 755 ILCS 5/4-10), the spouse's renunciation and award (755 ILCS 5/2-8, 755 ILCS 5/15-1), and the estate's claims (755 ILCS 5/18-3).

revocable and irrevocable (760 ILCS 3/602), spendthrift and discretionary trusts (760 ILCS 3/502, 760 ILCS 3/504), trusts for a beneficiary with a disability (760 ILCS 3/509), pet trusts (760 ILCS 3/408), directed trusts (760 ILCS 3/808) and total return trusts (760 ILCS 3/1101).

when a trust is irrevocable (760 ILCS 3/602), changing one by consent, by the court, by agreement or by decanting (760 ILCS 3/411, 760 ILCS 3/412, 760 ILCS 3/111, 760 ILCS 3/1207), creditors (760 ILCS 3/502–760 ILCS 3/506) and the notice to the qualified beneficiaries (760 ILCS 3/813.1(b)(1)).

filing the will and the petition (755 ILCS 5/6-1, 755 ILCS 5/6-2), letters of office (755 ILCS 5/9-3), the notice of admission and the right to formal proof (755 ILCS 5/6-10, 755 ILCS 5/6-21), the notice to creditors (755 ILCS 5/18-3), the inventory within 60 days (755 ILCS 5/14-1), independent administration (755 ILCS 5/28-11), small estates (755 ILCS 5/25-1, 755 ILCS 5/9-8), and how a revocable trust's property answers after the estate's (760 ILCS 3/505).

a funded revocable trust (760 ILCS 3/401, 760 ILCS 3/115), beneficiary and POD/TOD designations, the transfer on death instrument (755 ILCS 27/20), joint tenancy with survivorship, and the small estate affidavit (755 ILCS 5/25-1) — and why trust property can still answer for the estate's claims (760 ILCS 3/505).

the personal property exemptions and retirement plans (735 ILCS 5/12-1001, 735 ILCS 5/12-1006), the estate of homestead (735 ILCS 5/12-901), life insurance for a spouse, child, parent or dependent (215 ILCS 5/238), spendthrift and discretionary trusts (760 ILCS 3/502–760 ILCS 3/504), self-settled and revocable trusts (760 ILCS 3/505) and fraudulent transfers (740 ILCS 160/5, 740 ILCS 160/6).

the surviving spouse's and descendants' shares, the other heirs and the per stirpes division (755 ILCS 5/2-1), the spouse's and child's awards (755 ILCS 5/15-1, 755 ILCS 5/15-2), and why property in a trust is not affected.

no restriction on devising a home, subject to the spouse's renunciation (755 ILCS 5/2-8); the estate of homestead that continues for the spouse and minor children (735 ILCS 5/12-901); the spouse's award (755 ILCS 5/15-1); the transfer on death instrument (755 ILCS 27/20); and the trust's own deed (760 ILCS 3/115).

the statutory short form power of attorney for health care and its one witness (755 ILCS 45/4-10), the living will and its two witnesses (755 ILCS 35/3) and how it yields to the agent (755 ILCS 35/3.5), the health care surrogate (755 ILCS 40/25), the trust's provisions for an incapacitated settlor (760 ILCS 3/603), and how they differ from a trustee's role (760 ILCS 3/801).

how a will (A.R.S. § 14-2502, § 14-2503, § 14-2504), a revocable trust (§ 14-10401, § 14-10602), the personal representative (§ 14-3706, § 14-3801), the small estate affidavits (§ 14-3971), the homestead allowance (§ 14-2402), community property (§ 25-211, § 14-2102), the beneficiary deed (§ 33-405), the health care surrogate and the living will (§ 36-3231, § 36-3262) fit together.

probate, privacy, incapacity and creditors compared; the will's execution and self-proof (A.R.S. § 14-2502, § 14-2504); a revocable trust's exposure to the settlor's creditors and the family's allowances after the probate estate (§ 14-10505) and the personal representative's notice to creditors (§ 14-3801).

creation (A.R.S. § 14-10401, § 14-10402), revocable unless the terms expressly say otherwise (§ 14-10602), the settlor's control (§ 14-10603), funding and the trustee's deed (§ 33-404), community property in the trust (§ 14-10602(B)) and what happens at death (§ 14-10813, § 14-10505).

execution with two witnesses and the holographic will (A.R.S. § 14-2502, § 14-2503), the self-proving affidavit (§ 14-2504), the trust's creation and funding (§ 14-10401, § 33-404), keeping it current in writing (§ 14-10407, § 14-10602) and the will's delivery at death (§ 14-2516).

funding and the trustee's deed (A.R.S. § 14-10401, § 33-404, § 33-405), the settlor's control (§ 14-10603), the successor and the certification of trust (§ 14-10704, § 14-10701, § 14-11013), amendment and revocation in writing (§ 14-10407, § 14-10602), an agent's or conservator's powers (§ 14-10602(E)), and the notices at death (§ 14-10813(B), § 14-10604, § 14-10505).

the original and its delivery after death (A.R.S. § 14-2516), execution and proof (§ 14-2502, § 14-2503, § 14-2504), the personal representative's notice and inventory (§ 14-3801, § 14-3706), the licensed fiduciary (§ 14-5651), the no-contest rule (§ 14-2517), the small estate affidavits (§ 14-3971) and the homestead allowance (§ 14-2402).

revocable and irrevocable (A.R.S. § 14-10602), spendthrift and discretionary trusts (§ 14-10502, § 14-10504), special needs trusts (§ 14-10103(17), § 14-10503), trusts with powers to direct and trust protectors (§ 14-10808, § 14-10818) and total return unitrusts (§ 14-11014).

when a trust is irrevocable (A.R.S. § 14-10602), changing one by consent, by the court, by agreement, by appointment to another trust or by a trust protector (§ 14-10411, § 14-10412, § 14-10111, § 14-10819, § 14-10818), creditors (§ 14-10502 to § 14-10506) and the notice to the qualified beneficiaries (§ 14-10813(B)(3)).

the will's delivery (A.R.S. § 14-2516), the personal representative and the licensed fiduciary (§ 14-5651), the inventory within ninety days (§ 14-3706), the notice to creditors and the claims periods (§ 14-3801, § 14-3803), the homestead allowance (§ 14-2402) and the small estate affidavits at $200,000 and $300,000 (§ 14-3971).

a funded revocable trust (A.R.S. § 14-10401, § 33-404), beneficiary and POD/TOD designations, the beneficiary deed (§ 33-405), joint tenancy and community property with right of survivorship, and the small estate affidavits (§ 14-3971) — and why trust property can still answer for the estate's claims (§ 14-10505, § 14-6102).

the money and benefit exemptions and retirement plans (A.R.S. § 33-1126), the homestead exemption (§ 33-1101), life insurance proceeds and cash values (§ 20-1131), spendthrift and discretionary trusts (§ 14-10502 to § 14-10504), self-settled and revocable trusts (§ 14-10505) and fraudulent transfers (§ 44-1004, § 44-1005, § 44-1009).

the surviving spouse's share by whether the issue are also the spouse's and the community half (A.R.S. § 14-2102), the other heirs (§ 14-2103), the by-representation division (§ 14-2106), the homestead allowance (§ 14-2402), and why property in a trust is not affected.

no restriction on devising a home; the homestead exemption up to $400,000, adjusted annually (A.R.S. § 33-1101); the $18,000 homestead allowance (§ 14-2402); the surviving spouse's community half (§ 14-2102); the beneficiary deed (§ 33-405); the trustee's deed (§ 33-404); and the real-property affidavit at $300,000 six months after the death (§ 14-3971).

the health care power of attorney and the surrogate's order of priority (A.R.S. § 36-3231), the living will and the statute's sample (§ 36-3262), an agent's or conservator's powers over a revocable trust (§ 14-10602(E)) and the trust's provisions for an incapacitated settlor (§ 14-10603).

how a will (Utah Code § 75-2-502, § 75-2-503, § 75-2-504), a revocable trust (§ 75B-2-401, § 75B-2-602), the personal representative (§ 75-3-705, § 75-3-801), the small estate affidavit (§ 75-3-1201), the homestead allowance and the elective share (§ 75-2-402, § 75-2-202), the trustee's deed (§ 75B-2-816), the default surrogate and the advance health care directive (§ 75A-9-111, § 75A-9-106) fit together.

probate, privacy, incapacity and creditors compared; the will's execution and self-proof (Utah Code § 75-2-502, § 75-2-504); a revocable trust's exposure to the settlor's creditors and the family's allowances after the probate estate (§ 75B-2-505) and the personal representative's and the trustee's notices to creditors (§ 75-3-801, § 75B-2-508).

creation (Utah Code § 75B-2-401, § 75B-2-402), revocable unless the terms expressly say otherwise (§ 75B-2-602), the settlor's control (§ 75B-2-603), funding and the trustee's deed (§ 75B-2-816), and what happens at death (§ 75B-2-811, § 75B-2-505, § 75B-2-508).

execution with two witnesses, the holographic will and the electronic will (Utah Code § 75-2-502, § 75-2-503, § 75-2-1405), the self-proving affidavit (§ 75-2-504), the trust's creation and funding (§ 75B-2-401, § 75B-2-816), keeping it current in writing (§ 75B-2-602) and the will's delivery at death (§ 75-2-902).

funding and the trustee's deed (Utah Code § 75B-2-401, § 75B-2-816), the settlor's control (§ 75B-2-603), the successor and the certification of trust (§ 75B-2-704, § 75B-2-701, § 75B-2-1013), amendment and revocation (§ 75B-2-602), an agent's, conservator's or guardian's powers, and the notices at death (§ 75B-2-811(2), § 75B-2-604, § 75B-2-505).

the original and its delivery after death (Utah Code § 75-2-902), execution and proof (§ 75-2-502, § 75-2-503, § 75-2-504), the three-year time limit on probate (§ 75-3-107), the personal representative's notice, inventory and compensation (§ 75-3-801, § 75-3-705, § 75-3-718), the small estate affidavit (§ 75-3-1201) and the homestead allowance (§ 75-2-402).

revocable and irrevocable (Utah Code § 75B-2-602), spendthrift and discretionary trusts (§ 75B-2-502, § 75B-2-504), the asset protection trust (§ 75B-1-302, § 75B-1-303), charitable, animal and purpose trusts (§ 75B-2-405, § 75B-2-408, § 75B-2-409), directed trusts (§ 75B-3-102, § 75B-3-106) and unitrusts (§ 75A-5-303).

when a trust is irrevocable (Utah Code § 75B-2-602), changing one by consent, by the court, by agreement, by decanting or through a trust director (§ 75B-2-411, § 75B-2-412, § 75B-2-110, § 75B-2-812.5, § 75B-3-106), creditors (§ 75B-2-502 to § 75B-2-506) and the notice to the qualified beneficiaries (§ 75B-2-811(2)(c)).

the will's delivery (Utah Code § 75-2-902), the three-year time limit (§ 75-3-107), the personal representative's inventory within three months (§ 75-3-705), the notice to creditors and the claims periods (§ 75-3-801, § 75-3-803, § 75-3-806), the representative's compensation (§ 75-3-718, § 75-3-720), the homestead allowance (§ 75-2-402) and the small estate affidavit at $100,000 (§ 75-3-1201).

a funded revocable trust (Utah Code § 75B-2-401, § 75B-2-816), beneficiary and POD/TOD designations, joint tenancy with right of survivorship, and the small estate affidavit (§ 75-3-1201) — and why trust property can still answer for the estate's claims and the family's allowances (§ 75B-2-505, § 75B-2-509).

the exemptions — retirement accounts, life insurance proceeds and cash values, education accounts (Utah Code § 78B-5-505, § 78B-5-508), the homestead exemption (§ 78B-5-503), spendthrift and discretionary trusts (§ 75B-2-502 to § 75B-2-504), self-settled and revocable trusts (§ 75B-2-505), the asset protection trust (§ 75B-1-302, § 75B-1-303) and voidable transfers (§ 25-6-202, § 25-6-203, § 25-6-305).

the surviving spouse's share by whether the descendants are also the spouse's — the whole estate, or the first $75,000 plus half (Utah Code § 75-2-102), the other heirs (§ 75-2-103), the division per capita at each generation (§ 75-2-106), the homestead allowance (§ 75-2-402), the three-year presumption of intestacy (§ 75-3-107) and why property in a trust is not affected.

no restriction on devising a home; the homestead exemption of $42,000 for the primary residence as stated for 2019, adjusted annually (Utah Code § 78B-5-503); the $22,500 homestead allowance and the exempt property (§ 75-2-402, § 75-2-403); the trustee's deed and the recorded terms (§ 75B-2-816); the trust's liability for the estate's claims (§ 75B-2-505); and why the small estate affidavit reaches personal property only (§ 75-3-1201).

the Uniform Health Care Decisions Act in force since January 1, 2026 — the health care instruction (Utah Code § 75A-9-106), the power of attorney for health care and its witness (§ 75A-9-107), the optional form (§ 75A-9-110), the default surrogate's order of priority (§ 75A-9-111), the saving of earlier directives (§ 75A-9-128) — and a revocable trust's provisions for an incapacitated settlor (§ 75B-2-602, § 75B-2-603).

the building blocks of a Georgia estate plan — the will (O.C.G.A. § 53-4-20), the revocable trust (§ 53-12-20), the power of attorney (§ 10-6B-5), the advance directive for health care (§ 31-32-5), beneficiary designations and survivorship — what each does and does not do, with no Georgia estate tax (§ 48-12-1)

what a Georgia will requires (O.C.G.A. § 53-4-20) and what a revocable trust requires (§ 53-12-20, § 53-12-40), what each governs at death, probate and the trust's administration, the contest period (§ 53-12-45) and the family's year's support (§ 53-3-1) — a comparison, not a recommendation

how a Georgia revocable trust works — the express reservation of the power to revoke (O.C.G.A. § 53-12-40), the duties owed to the settlor alone while the power is unreleased (§ 53-12-46), funding and the recorded deed (§ 53-12-25), what happens at the settlor's death (§§ 53-12-242, 53-12-45) and the trust's liability for the estate's creditors (§ 53-12-82)

what Georgia law asks of a will (O.C.G.A. § 53-4-20, § 53-4-24) and a trust (§ 53-12-20), what an online document may leave undone — funding, the recorded deed (§ 53-12-25), the successor, the original's custody (§ 53-5-5), the beneficiary designations — and where a licensed Georgia attorney fits

funding the trust and recording the deed (O.C.G.A. § 53-12-25), the settlor's control while living (§ 53-12-46), the successor trustee and the vacancy rules (§ 53-12-201), amendments in a signed writing (§ 53-12-40), an agent's limited powers (§ 53-12-43, § 10-6B-40), incapacity, and what happens at death (§ 53-12-242)

where the original lives and the duty to file it with reasonable promptness (O.C.G.A. § 53-5-5), the self-proving affidavit (§ 53-4-24), the personal representative's office (§ 53-7-1), what changes a will (a codicil with the same formality, § 53-4-20), a will beside a trust, and what happens at death — common and solemn form probate (§ 53-5-22)

express trusts (O.C.G.A. § 53-12-20), revocable and irrevocable (§ 53-12-40), spendthrift (§ 53-12-80), discretionary (§ 53-12-81), charitable (§ 53-12-170), animal (§ 53-12-28), implied — resulting and constructive (§§ 53-12-130, 53-12-132) — and the directed trust (§ 53-12-500), each in the statute's sense

what makes a Georgia trust irrevocable (O.C.G.A. § 53-12-40), the existence notice its creation starts (§ 53-12-242), the accounting (§ 53-12-243), how it can still change — reformation (§ 53-12-60), the court's modification (§ 53-12-61), a nonjudicial settlement (§ 53-12-9), decanting (§ 53-12-62) — and the uneconomic trust (§ 53-12-65)

filing the will (O.C.G.A. § 53-5-5), common and solemn form (§ 53-5-22), the personal representative's qualification and duties (§ 53-7-1), the inventory within six months (§ 53-7-30), the notice to creditors (§ 53-7-41), the priority of claims (§ 53-7-40), the annual return (§ 53-7-67), year's support (§ 53-3-1) and the probate court — Article 6 or not (§ 15-9-120)

what passes outside a Georgia probate — a trust's property, joint tenancy with survivorship (O.C.G.A. § 44-6-190), beneficiary designations (§ 33-25-11), the transfer-on-death deed as 2026 law rewrote it — and what does not change: the trust's liability for the estate's creditors (§ 53-12-82) and year's support (§ 53-3-1)

what Georgia law keeps from creditors — spendthrift provisions and their exceptions (O.C.G.A. § 53-12-80), discretionary interests (§ 53-12-81), life insurance (§ 33-25-11), the exemptions of §§ 44-13-1 and 44-13-100 — and what it does not: a revocable trust's property (§ 53-12-82) and a transfer made to defraud creditors (§ 18-2-74)

who inherits under O.C.G.A. § 53-2-1 — the spouse's share, never less than one-third beside children; the children per stirpes; then parents, siblings, grandparents, uncles and aunts — how title vests (§ 53-2-7), year's support (§ 53-3-1) and what a trust changes

Georgia has no homestead devise rule and no homestead descent: the home passes by will, intestacy (O.C.G.A. § 53-2-1), survivorship, trust or transfer-on-death deed; year's support (§ 53-3-1) is the family's protection; the creditor exemption of § 44-13-1; the recorded deed to a trustee (§ 53-12-25); the estate's claims (§ 53-7-40)

the Georgia advance directive for health care — the health care agent and the treatment preferences (O.C.G.A. § 31-32-5), the agent's duties (§ 31-32-7) — and the power of attorney under the Georgia Power of Attorney Act: execution (§ 10-6B-5), the agent's duties (§ 10-6B-14), the express grants a trust or a gift needs (§ 10-6B-40) and termination (§ 10-6B-10)

the building blocks of an Ohio estate plan — the will (R.C. 2107.03), the revocable trust (R.C. 5804.01, 5806.02), the power of attorney, the durable power of attorney for health care and the living will (R.C. 1337.12, 2133.02), beneficiary designations, survivorship and the transfer on death designation affidavit (R.C. 5302.22) — what each does and does not do, with no Ohio estate tax for a death on or after January 1, 2013 (R.C. 5731.02)

what an Ohio will requires (R.C. 2107.03) and what a revocable trust requires (R.C. 5804.02, 5806.02), what each governs at death, probate and the trust's administration, the three-month will contest (R.C. 2107.76) and the trust's two-year contest period (R.C. 5806.04), the surviving spouse's election (R.C. 2106.01) — a comparison, not a recommendation

how an Ohio revocable trust works — revocable unless the terms say otherwise (R.C. 5806.02), the duties owed to the settlor alone while the settlor lives, whether or not the settlor has capacity (R.C. 5806.03), funding and the memorandum of trust (R.C. 5301.255), what happens at the settlor's death (R.C. 5808.13, 5806.04) and the settlor's creditors during life (R.C. 5805.06)

what Ohio law asks of a will (R.C. 2107.03 — two witnesses in the testator's conscious presence; no self-proving affidavit) and a trust (R.C. 5804.02), what an online document may leave undone — funding, the memorandum of trust (R.C. 5301.255), the successor, the original's custody (R.C. 2107.07), the beneficiary designations — and where a licensed Ohio attorney fits

funding the trust and recording a memorandum of trust (R.C. 5301.255), the settlor's control while living (R.C. 5806.03), the successor trustee and the vacancy rules (R.C. 5807.04), amendments by the instrument's method (R.C. 5806.02), an agent's limited powers over the trust (R.C. 5806.02), incapacity, and what happens at death (R.C. 5808.13)

where the original lives and the probate court's deposit for a $25 fee (R.C. 2107.07), how a will is admitted without a self-proving affidavit (R.C. 2107.18) and the lifetime declaration of validity (R.C. 5817.10), the executor's office, what changes a will (a codicil with the same formality, R.C. 2107.03), a will beside a trust, and what happens at death — the three-month contest (R.C. 2107.76)

express trusts (R.C. 5804.01, 5804.02), revocable and irrevocable (R.C. 5806.02), spendthrift (R.C. 5805.01), the wholly discretionary trust (R.C. 5801.01, 5805.03), charitable (R.C. 5804.05), animal and purpose trusts (R.C. 5804.08, 5804.09), the testamentary trust under the probate court (R.C. 2109.69), the legacy trust (R.C. 5816.07) and the directed arrangement of R.C. 5815.25 — each in the statute's sense

what makes an Ohio trust irrevocable (R.C. 5806.02), the existence notice its creation starts once the trustee knows of it (R.C. 5808.13), the trustee's report, the floor at twenty-five and the surrogate (R.C. 5801.04), how it can still change — modification by consent (R.C. 5804.11), a nonjudicial settlement (R.C. 5801.10), decanting (R.C. 5808.18) — and the uneconomic trust (R.C. 5804.14)

the probate division of the court of common pleas (R.C. 2101.01, 2101.24), admitting the will (R.C. 2107.18), the executor's inventory within three months (R.C. 2115.02), the six-month creditor presentment (R.C. 2117.06), the Medicaid notice (R.C. 2117.061), the estate's accounts (R.C. 2109.301), release from administration (R.C. 2113.03, 2113.031), the spouse's election (R.C. 2106.01) and the allowance for support (R.C. 2106.13)

what passes outside an Ohio probate — a trust's property, the transfer on death designation affidavit (R.C. 5302.22), beneficiary designations and transfers to a trustee by designation (R.C. 5810.14), life insurance (R.C. 3911.10), survivorship — and what does not change: the estate's creditors' six months (R.C. 2117.06), the spouse's rights (R.C. 2106.01) and the trust's two-year contest period (R.C. 5806.04)

what Ohio law keeps from creditors — spendthrift provisions and their exceptions (R.C. 5805.01, 5805.02), the wholly discretionary trust (R.C. 5805.03), life insurance (R.C. 3911.10), the exemptions of R.C. 2329.66 (the residence, retirement accounts), the legacy trust (R.C. 5816.07) — and what it does not: a revocable trust's property during the settlor's life (R.C. 5805.06) and a transfer made to defraud creditors (R.C. 1336.04)

who inherits under R.C. 2105.06 — the spouse's share, the whole or the first $20,000 or $60,000 plus a half or a third; the children per stirpes; then parents, siblings, grandparents and next of kin — the equal-degree rule (R.C. 2105.12), the allowance for support (R.C. 2106.13), release from administration (R.C. 2113.03) and what a trust changes

Ohio has no homestead devise rule: the home passes by will, intestacy (R.C. 2105.06), survivorship, trust or a transfer on death designation affidavit (R.C. 5302.22); dower (R.C. 2103.02) and the mansion-house election (R.C. 2106.10) are the spouse's protections; the residence exemption of R.C. 2329.66; the memorandum of trust on a trustee's conveyance (R.C. 5301.255); the estate's claims (R.C. 2117.06)

the Ohio durable power of attorney for health care — the attorney in fact who decides when the attending physician finds the principal has lost capacity (R.C. 1337.12) — the living will declaration (R.C. 2133.02), and the financial power of attorney: when it terminates and when an agent's authority ends (R.C. 1337.30), and an agent's limited power over a revocable trust (R.C. 5806.02)

the building blocks of a Massachusetts estate plan — the will (G.L. c. 190B, § 2-502), the revocable trust (G.L. c. 203E, §§ 402, 602), the health care proxy (G.L. c. 201D, § 2), the power of attorney, beneficiary designations and survivorship — what each does and does not do, with the Massachusetts estate tax's $2,000,000 threshold for a death on or after January 1, 2023 (G.L. c. 65C, § 2A)

what a Massachusetts will requires (G.L. c. 190B, § 2-502) and what a revocable trust requires (G.L. c. 203E, §§ 402, 602), what each governs at death, probate and the trust's administration, the trust's one-year contest period (G.L. c. 203E, § 604), the surviving spouse's claim against a will (G.L. c. 191, § 15) — a comparison, not a recommendation

how a Massachusetts revocable trust works — revocable unless the instrument expressly says otherwise (G.L. c. 203E, § 602), the duties owed to the settlor alone while the trust is revocable and the settlor has capacity (G.L. c. 203E, § 603), funding, what happens at the settlor's death (G.L. c. 203E, §§ 813, 604) and the settlor's creditors during life and after death (G.L. c. 203E, § 505)

what Massachusetts law asks of a will (G.L. c. 190B, § 2-502 — signed by the testator and two witnesses; the self-proving affidavit of G.L. c. 190B, § 2-504) and a trust (G.L. c. 203E, § 402), what an online document may leave undone — funding, the successor, the original's custody (G.L. c. 190B, § 2-516), the beneficiary designations — and where a licensed Massachusetts attorney fits

funding the trust, the settlor's control while the trust is revocable and the settlor has capacity (G.L. c. 203E, § 603), the successor trustee and the vacancy rules (G.L. c. 203E, § 704), amendments by the instrument's method (G.L. c. 203E, § 602), an agent's limited powers over the trust (G.L. c. 203E, § 602), incapacity, and what happens at death (G.L. c. 203E, § 813)

where the original lives and the custodian's duty to deliver it within thirty days after notice of the death (G.L. c. 190B, § 2-516), the self-proving affidavit (G.L. c. 190B, § 2-504), the personal representative's office, what changes a will (a later will or codicil with the same formality, G.L. c. 190B, § 2-502), a will beside a trust, and the surviving spouse's six-month claim after probate (G.L. c. 191, § 15)

express trusts (G.L. c. 203E, §§ 401, 402), revocable and irrevocable (G.L. c. 203E, § 602), spendthrift (G.L. c. 203E, § 502), discretionary (G.L. c. 203E, § 814), charitable (G.L. c. 203E, § 405), animal and purpose trusts (G.L. c. 203E, §§ 408, 409), the testamentary trust and its bond (G.L. c. 203E, § 702), nominee trusts (G.L. c. 203E, § 816) and the directed arrangement of G.L. c. 203E, § 808 — each in the statute's sense

what makes a Massachusetts trust irrevocable (G.L. c. 203E, § 602), the notice its trustee sends within 30 days after the later of the acceptance and the irrevocability (G.L. c. 203E, § 813), the account, the terms that may vary those duties (G.L. c. 203E, § 105), how it can still change — modification by consent (G.L. c. 203E, § 411), a non-judicial settlement agreement (G.L. c. 203E, § 111) — and the uneconomic trust (G.L. c. 203E, § 414)

the Probate and Family Court (G.L. c. 215, § 6), the personal representative's inventory within three months (G.L. c. 190B, § 3-706), the creditors' one year after the death (G.L. c. 190B, § 3-803), the MassHealth statement (G.L. c. 118E, § 32), voluntary administration of a small estate (G.L. c. 190B, § 3-1201), the three-year limit (G.L. c. 190B, § 3-108) and the surviving spouse's claim (G.L. c. 191, § 15)

what passes outside a Massachusetts probate — a trust's property, beneficiary designations, life insurance (G.L. c. 175, § 125), retirement accounts, survivorship — and what does not change: the creditors' one year after the death and a revocable trust's exposure (G.L. c. 190B, § 3-803; G.L. c. 203E, § 505), the estate tax (G.L. c. 65C, § 2A) and the trust's one-year contest period (G.L. c. 203E, § 604)

what Massachusetts law keeps from creditors — spendthrift provisions (G.L. c. 203E, § 502), life insurance proceeds (G.L. c. 175, § 125), retirement plans and IRAs (G.L. c. 235, § 34A), the automatic and declared homestead (G.L. c. 188, §§ 3, 4) — and what it does not: a revocable trust's property during the settlor's life and after death (G.L. c. 203E, § 505) and a transfer made to defraud creditors (G.L. c. 109A, § 5)

who inherits under G.L. c. 190B, §§ 2-102 and 2-103 — the spouse's share, the whole or the first $200,000 plus three-fourths or the first $100,000 plus one-half; the descendants per capita at each generation (G.L. c. 190B, § 2-106); then parents, their descendants and next of kin — voluntary administration of a small estate (G.L. c. 190B, § 3-1201) and what a trust changes

Massachusetts has no homestead devise rule: the home passes by will, intestacy (G.L. c. 190B, § 2-103), survivorship or trust; the estate of homestead continues for a surviving spouse and minor children who occupy the home (G.L. c. 188, § 7); a home held in trust and the trustee's declaration (G.L. c. 188, §§ 1, 5); the creditors' one year after the death (G.L. c. 190B, § 3-803)

the Massachusetts health care proxy — the health care agent a competent adult appoints in writing before two adult witnesses (G.L. c. 201D, § 2) — no separate living-will statute, the financial power of attorney, and an agent's limited power over a revocable trust (G.L. c. 203E, § 602)

the building blocks of a New Jersey estate plan — the will (N.J.S.A. 3B:3-2), the revocable trust (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-18; N.J.S.A. 3B:31-43), the advance directive for health care (N.J.S.A. 26:2H-58), the power of attorney (N.J.S.A. 46:2B-8.2), beneficiary designations and survivorship — what each does and does not do, with the transfer inheritance tax by class (N.J.S.A. 54:34-2) and no estate tax since 2018 (N.J.S.A. 54:38-1)

what a New Jersey will requires (N.J.S.A. 3B:3-2) and what a revocable trust requires (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-18; N.J.S.A. 3B:31-19; N.J.S.A. 3B:31-43), what each governs at death, probate and the trust's administration, the trust's three-year contest period (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-45), the probate contest's four months (R. 4:85-1), the elective share (N.J.S.A. 3B:8-1) — a comparison, not a recommendation

how a New Jersey revocable trust works — revocable unless the instrument expressly says otherwise, for instruments executed on or after July 17, 2016 (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-43), the duties owed to the settlor alone while the trust is revocable (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-44), funding, what happens at the settlor's death (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-67; N.J.S.A. 3B:31-45) and the settlor's creditors during life and after death (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-39)

what New Jersey law asks of a will (N.J.S.A. 3B:3-2 — signed by the testator and two witnesses, or in the testator's handwriting; the self-proving affidavit of N.J.S.A. 3B:3-4) and a trust (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-18; N.J.S.A. 3B:31-19), what an online document may leave undone — funding, the successor, the original's whereabouts and the will registry (N.J.S.A. 3B:3-2.1), the beneficiary designations — and where a licensed New Jersey attorney fits

funding the trust (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-18; N.J.S.A. 3B:31-19), the settlor's control while the trust is revocable (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-44), the successor trustee and the vacancy rules (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-49), amendments by the instrument's method or a later will (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-43), an agent's and a guardian's limited powers over the trust (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-43), incapacity and the advance directive (N.J.S.A. 26:2H-58), and what happens at death (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-67; N.J.S.A. 3B:31-45)

where the original lives and the will registry (N.J.S.A. 3B:3-2.1), the self-proving affidavit (N.J.S.A. 3B:3-4), the executor's office and the notice of probate within sixty days (R. 4:80-6), what changes a will (a later will or codicil with the same formality, N.J.S.A. 3B:3-2), a will beside a trust and letters of trusteeship (N.J.S.A. 3B:11-2), and the elective share's six months after the executor's appointment (N.J.S.A. 3B:8-12)

express trusts (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-18; N.J.S.A. 3B:31-19), revocable and irrevocable (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-43), spendthrift (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-36), special needs and OBRA '93 trusts (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-37; N.J.S.A. 3B:11-37), discretionary (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-38), charitable (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-22), animal and purpose trusts (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-24; N.J.S.A. 3B:31-25), the testamentary trust and its letters (N.J.S.A. 3B:11-2) and the directed arrangement with an investment adviser (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-62) — each in the statute's sense

what makes a New Jersey trust irrevocable (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-43), the duties its trustee owes the beneficiaries and the age-35 floor (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-67; N.J.S.A. 3B:31-5), how it can still change — modification by consent (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-27), a nonjudicial settlement agreement (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-11), construction to probable intent (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-32) — and the uneconomic trust (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-30)

the Surrogate's Court and the Superior Court's Probate Part (N.J.S.A. 3B:2-2; R. 4:82), the ten days before probate (N.J.S.A. 3B:3-22), the notice of probate within sixty days (R. 4:80-6), the creditors' nine months (N.J.S.A. 3B:22-4), the inventory (N.J.S.A. 3B:16-2), the small-estate affidavits (N.J.S.A. 3B:10-3; N.J.S.A. 3B:10-4), the probate contest's four months (R. 4:85-1) and the elective share (N.J.S.A. 3B:8-12)

what passes outside a New Jersey probate — a trust's property, beneficiary designations, life insurance (N.J.S.A. 17B:24-6), retirement accounts (N.J.S.A. 25:2-1), survivorship and the tenancy by the entirety (N.J.S.A. 46:3-17.2) — and what does not change: the creditors' nine months and a revocable trust's exposure (N.J.S.A. 3B:22-4; N.J.S.A. 3B:31-39), the transfer inheritance tax and the bank's consent (N.J.S.A. 54:34-1; N.J.S.A. 54:35-19) and the trust's contest period (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-45)

what New Jersey law keeps from creditors — spendthrift provisions (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-36), discretionary interests (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-38), life insurance and annuities (N.J.S.A. 17B:24-6; N.J.S.A. 17B:24-7), qualifying retirement trusts (N.J.S.A. 25:2-1), the $1,000 personal-property exemption and the veterans' residence exemption (N.J.S.A. 2A:17-19; N.J.S.A. 2A:17-17.4) — no homestead exemption, and what it does not protect: a revocable trust's property during the settlor's life and after death (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-39) and a voidable transfer (N.J.S.A. 25:2-25)

who inherits under N.J.S.A. 3B:5-3 and 3B:5-4 — the spouse's or partner's share, the whole or the first 25% between $50,000 and $200,000 plus three-fourths or one-half; the descendants by representation (N.J.S.A. 3B:5-6); then parents, their descendants, grandparents and step-children — the small-estate affidavits (N.J.S.A. 3B:10-3; N.J.S.A. 3B:10-4) and what a trust changes

New Jersey has no homestead exemption and no homestead devise rule: the home passes by will, intestacy (N.J.S.A. 3B:5-4), survivorship or the tenancy by the entirety (N.J.S.A. 46:3-17.2) or trust; the spouse's joint possession of the matrimonial residence (N.J.S.A. 3B:28-3); the veterans' residence exemption (N.J.S.A. 2A:17-17.4); real property liable for the debts for a year (N.J.S.A. 3B:22-22); the inheritance-tax lien and waiver (N.J.S.A. 54:35-5)

the New Jersey advance directive for health care — the proxy directive naming a health care representative and the instruction directive stating treatment wishes, signed before two witnesses or acknowledged before a notary or attorney (N.J.S.A. 26:2H-56; N.J.S.A. 26:2H-58) — the durable power of attorney (N.J.S.A. 46:2B-8.2), and an agent's and a guardian's limited powers over a revocable trust (N.J.S.A. 3B:31-43)

the building blocks of a Virginia estate plan — the will (Va. Code § 64.2-403), the revocable trust (Va. Code §§ 64.2-719, 64.2-751), the advance directive (Va. Code § 54.1-2983), the power of attorney (Va. Code § 64.2-1612), beneficiary designations and survivorship — what each does, explained; this site prepares no will or trust (Va. Code § 64.2-402)

what a Virginia will requires (Va. Code § 64.2-403) and what a trust requires (Va. Code §§ 64.2-719, 64.2-720), what each governs at death, probate in the circuit court and the probate tax (Va. Code §§ 64.2-443, 58.1-1712), the trust's contest period (Va. Code § 64.2-753), the court track of a trust under a will (Va. Code § 64.2-1306) and the elective share that reaches both (Va. Code § 64.2-308.6)

how a Virginia revocable trust works — revocable unless the instrument expressly says otherwise, for instruments executed on or after July 1, 2006 (Va. Code § 64.2-751), the duties owed to the settlor alone while the trust is revocable (Va. Code § 64.2-752), funding, amendment by the instrument's method or by clear and convincing evidence (Va. Code § 64.2-751(C)), what happens at the settlor's death (Va. Code § 64.2-775(B)(3)) and the creditors' reach (Va. Code § 64.2-747)

what Virginia law asks of a will (Va. Code § 64.2-403 — signed by the testator before two witnesses present together, or wholly in the testator's handwriting; the self-proving affidavit of Va. Code § 64.2-452) and a trust (Va. Code §§ 64.2-719, 64.2-720), what an online document may leave undone — funding, the successor, the beneficiary designations — and the clerk's safekeeping for the original will (Va. Code § 64.2-409)

funding the trust (Va. Code §§ 64.2-719, 64.2-772), the settlor's control while the trust is revocable (Va. Code § 64.2-752), the successor trustee and the vacancy rules (Va. Code § 64.2-757), amendments by the instrument's method or by clear and convincing evidence (Va. Code § 64.2-751), an agent's and a conservator's limited powers over the trust (Va. Code § 64.2-751(E), (F)), entireties property in trust (Va. Code § 55.1-136) and what happens at death

where the original lives and the clerk's safekeeping (Va. Code § 64.2-409), how it was signed and the self-proving affidavit (Va. Code §§ 64.2-403, 64.2-452), the executor's office and the notice of probate within 30 days (Va. Code §§ 64.2-500, 64.2-508), what changes a will, a will beside a trust and the testamentary trustee's accounts (Va. Code § 64.2-1306), and what happens at death

revocable and irrevocable trusts (Va. Code §§ 64.2-751, 64.2-729), trusts created by will (Va. Code § 64.2-719), spendthrift (Va. Code § 64.2-743), discretionary (Va. Code § 64.2-746), charitable (Va. Code § 64.2-723), animal trusts (Va. Code § 64.2-726), directed trusts (Va. Code § 64.2-779.29), qualified self-settled spendthrift trusts (Va. Code § 64.2-745.1) and the special-needs decanting (Va. Code § 64.2-779.10)

what makes a Virginia trust irrevocable (Va. Code § 64.2-751), the notices and the report its trustee owes the beneficiaries (Va. Code § 64.2-775), how it can still change — modification by consent (Va. Code § 64.2-729), unanticipated circumstances (Va. Code § 64.2-730), a nonjudicial settlement agreement (Va. Code § 64.2-709), decanting (Va. Code § 64.2-779.5) — and the settlor's creditors (Va. Code § 64.2-747)

the circuit court and its clerk (Va. Code § 64.2-443), the notice of probate within 30 days (Va. Code § 64.2-508), the notice to creditors (Va. Code § 64.2-508.1), the Commissioner of Accounts' inventory and accounts (Va. Code §§ 64.2-1300, 64.2-1304), the small-asset affidavit (Va. Code § 64.2-601) and the probate tax (Va. Code § 58.1-1712)

what passes outside a Virginia probate — a funded trust's property (Va. Code § 64.2-719), beneficiary designations, life insurance (Va. Code § 38.2-3122), survivorship and the tenancy by the entirety (Va. Code § 55.1-136) — and what does not change: the creditors' two years against a revocable trust (Va. Code § 64.2-747) and the spouse's elective share (Va. Code § 64.2-308.6)

what Virginia law keeps from creditors — spendthrift provisions (Va. Code § 64.2-743), discretionary interests (Va. Code § 64.2-746), qualified self-settled spendthrift trusts (Va. Code § 64.2-745.1), entireties property in trust (Va. Code § 55.1-136), life insurance and annuities (Va. Code § 38.2-3122), retirement plans (Va. Code § 34-34) and the householder's exemption (Va. Code § 34-4) — and what it does not: a revocable trust during life (Va. Code § 64.2-747) and a fraudulent conveyance (Va. Code § 55.1-400)

who inherits under Va. Code §§ 64.2-200 and 64.2-201 — the spouse the whole, or one-third where the decedent has descendants who are not the spouse's; the descendants, parents, siblings and the kindred of each parent — the division at the closest degree (Va. Code § 64.2-202), the administrator's notice and list of heirs (Va. Code §§ 64.2-508, 64.2-509), and the small-asset affidavit (Va. Code § 64.2-601)

the homestead allowance of $25,000 (Va. Code § 64.2-311), the family allowance and exempt property (Va. Code §§ 64.2-309, 64.2-310), the householder's exemption for a living debtor (Va. Code § 34-4), the trust-held home (Va. Code § 64.2-772), entireties property in trust (Va. Code § 55.1-136) and a revocable trust's exposure to the allowances (Va. Code § 64.2-747)

the Virginia advance directive — signed before two subscribing witnesses, naming an agent and stating health care wishes (Va. Code § 54.1-2983), the suggested form (Va. Code § 54.1-2984), who decides without one (Va. Code § 54.1-2986) — the power of attorney and the agent's duties (Va. Code § 64.2-1612), and an agent's and a conservator's limited powers over a revocable trust (Va. Code § 64.2-751)

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working with a licensed Colorado attorney of your choosing; TrusteeClear organizes the record and does not arrange attorney review.

refer Colorado estate-planning firms or partner with TrusteeClear; the platform never shares legal fees.

Colorado trustee resources and guides index.

paste the receipt hash from a TrusteeClear artifact to prove the exact content approved inside a law firm's tenant, when, and under which statute versions — value hashes only.

working with a licensed Pennsylvania attorney of your choosing; TrusteeClear organizes the record and does not arrange attorney review.

refer Pennsylvania estate-planning firms or partner with TrusteeClear; the platform never shares legal fees.

Pennsylvania trustee resources and guides index.

paste the receipt hash from a TrusteeClear artifact to prove the exact content approved inside a law firm's tenant, when, and under which statute versions — value hashes only.

working with a licensed Michigan attorney of your choosing; TrusteeClear organizes the record and does not arrange attorney review.

refer Michigan estate-planning firms or partner with TrusteeClear; the platform never shares legal fees.

Michigan trustee resources and guides index.

paste the receipt hash from a TrusteeClear artifact to prove the exact content approved inside a law firm's tenant, when, and under which statute versions — value hashes only.

working with a licensed Illinois attorney of your choosing; TrusteeClear organizes the record and does not arrange attorney review.

refer Illinois estate-planning firms or partner with TrusteeClear; the platform never shares legal fees.

Illinois trustee resources and guides index.

paste the receipt hash from a TrusteeClear artifact to prove the exact content approved inside a law firm's tenant, when, and under which statute versions — value hashes only.

working with a licensed Arizona attorney of your choosing; TrusteeClear organizes the record and does not arrange attorney review.

refer Arizona estate-planning firms or partner with TrusteeClear; the platform never shares legal fees.

Arizona trustee resources and guides index.

paste the receipt hash from a TrusteeClear artifact to prove the exact content approved inside a law firm's tenant, when, and under which statute versions — value hashes only.

working with a licensed Utah attorney of your choosing; TrusteeClear organizes the record and does not arrange attorney review.

refer Utah estate-planning firms or partner with TrusteeClear; the platform never shares legal fees.

Utah trustee resources and guides index.

paste the receipt hash from a TrusteeClear artifact to prove the exact content approved inside a law firm's tenant, when, and under which statute versions — value hashes only.

working with a licensed Georgia attorney of your choosing; TrusteeClear organizes the record and does not arrange attorney review.

refer Georgia estate-planning firms or partner with TrusteeClear; the platform never shares legal fees.

Georgia trustee resources and guides index.

paste the receipt hash from a TrusteeClear artifact to prove the exact content approved inside a law firm's tenant, when, and under which statute versions — value hashes only.

working with a licensed Ohio attorney of your choosing; TrusteeClear organizes the record and does not arrange attorney review.

refer Ohio estate-planning firms or partner with TrusteeClear; the platform never shares legal fees.

Ohio trustee resources and guides index.

paste the receipt hash from a TrusteeClear artifact to prove the exact content approved inside a law firm's tenant, when, and under which statute versions — value hashes only.

working with a licensed Massachusetts attorney of your choosing; TrusteeClear organizes the record and does not arrange attorney review.

refer Massachusetts estate-planning firms or partner with TrusteeClear; the platform never shares legal fees.

Massachusetts trustee resources and guides index.

paste the receipt hash from a TrusteeClear artifact to prove the exact content approved inside a law firm's tenant, when, and under which statute versions — value hashes only.

working with a licensed New Jersey attorney of your choosing; TrusteeClear organizes the record and does not arrange attorney review.

refer New Jersey estate-planning firms or partner with TrusteeClear; the platform never shares legal fees.

New Jersey trustee resources and guides index.

paste the receipt hash from a TrusteeClear artifact to prove the exact content approved inside a law firm's tenant, when, and under which statute versions — value hashes only.

working with a licensed Virginia attorney of your choosing; TrusteeClear organizes the record and does not arrange attorney review.

refer Virginia estate-planning firms or partner with TrusteeClear; the platform never shares legal fees.

Virginia trustee resources and guides index.

paste the receipt hash from a TrusteeClear artifact to prove the exact content approved inside a law firm's tenant, when, and under which statute versions — value hashes only.